Diagnostic value of the rapid assessment of postural instability in parkinson’s disease (RAPID) questionnaire

Chong, Raymond; Lee, K.-H.; Morgan, John C.; Mehta, Shyamal H.; Hall, Patricia; Sethi, Kapil D.

doi:10.1111/j.1742-1241.2012.02927.x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“… PDQ total, sum of PD Quality of Life questionnaire [65] , [66] . RAPID1 (Rapid Assessment of Postural Instability in PD item 1), difficulty in performing activities of daily living (0 = no difficulty; 1 = difficulty) [67] , [68] . RAPID2, fear of falling (ranging from 1 = “no fear” to 10 “very fearful”).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2014

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BackgroundAnecdotal animal and human studies have implicated the symptomatic and neuroprotective roles of niacin in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Niacin has a high affinity for GPR109A, an anti-inflammatory receptor. Niacin is also thought to be involved in the regulation of circadian rhythm. Here we evaluated the relationships among the receptor, niacin levels and EEG night-sleep in individuals with PD.Methods and FindingsGPR109A expression (blood and brain), niacin index (NAD-NADP ratio) and cytokine markers (blood) were analyzed. Measures of night-sleep function (EEG) and perceived sleep quality (questionnaire) were assessed. We observed significant up-regulation of GPR109A expression in the blood as well as in the substantia nigra (SN) in the PD group compared to age-matched controls. Confocal microscopy demonstrated co-localization of GPR109A staining with microglia in PD SN. Pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines did not show significant differences between the groups; however IL1-β, IL-4 and IL-7 showed an upward trend in PD. Time to sleep (sleep latency), EEG REM and sleep efficiency were different between PD and age-matched controls. Niacin levels were lower in PD and were associated with increased frequency of experiencing body pain and decreased duration of deep sleep.ConclusionsThe findings of associations among the GPR109A receptor, niacin levels and night-sleep function in individuals with PD are novel. Further studies are needed to understand the pathophysiological mechanisms of action of niacin, GPR109A expression and their associations with night-sleep function. It would be also crucial to study GPR109A expression in neurons, astrocytes, and microglia in PD. A clinical trial to determine the symptomatic and/or neuroprotective effect of niacin supplementation is warranted.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… RAPID1 (Rapid Assessment of Postural Instability in PD item 1), difficulty in performing activities of daily living (0 = no difficulty; 1 = difficulty) [67] , [68] . …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

et al. 2014

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“…trial was used to infer the postural sway range for that trial. Each sway value was converted to a standardized index by expressing it as a Chong, Morgan, Mehta, Pawlikowska, Hall, Ellis, et al ., 2011 ;Chong, Lee, Morgan, Mehta, Hall, & Sethi, 2012 ); MMSE = minimental status examination; Time since meds = most recent anti-PD dosing prior to testing; Symptom rating = self-reported rating of PD symptoms, ranging from 1 to 10: 1 = "very bad day" -symptoms are worse compared to a typical day; 10 = "very good day" -symptoms are absent/minimal compared to a typical day). (c) the board was then removed and participants stood on a level surface for another 3 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Note UPDRS = Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale; Bradykinesia = sum of Items 40–44 in Section 3; H&Y = Hoehn and Yahr disease rating scale; RAPID-1, 2 and 3 = postural instability questionnaire (physical function, fear of falling and frequency of falls; Chong, Morgan, Mehta, Pawlikowska, Hall, Ellis, et al , 2011; Chong, Lee, Morgan, Mehta, Hall, & Sethi, 2012); MMSE = mini-mental status examination; Time since meds = most recent anti-PD dosing prior to testing; Symptom rating = self-reported rating of PD symptoms, ranging from 1 to 10: 1 = “very bad day” - symptoms are worse compared to a typical day; 10 = “very good day” - symptoms are absent/minimal compared to a typical day). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Postural adaptation to a slow sensorimotor set-changing task in Parkinson's disease¹

Chong¹,

Adams²,

Fenton³

et al. 2014

Comprehensive Psychology

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A general characteristic of Parkinson's disease (PD) is the inability to adapt and change set quickly. The goal of this study was to assess whether PD aff ects performance in which changing set occurs over minutes, i.e., a slow and continuous form of sensorimotor set-change. Recovery from the postural lean aftereff ect following prolonged stance on an inclined surface (Experiment 1) was tested to see if the addition of light-touch tactile feedback from the fi ngertips during inclined stance increased the aftereff ect (Experiment 2). The percentage of responders in healthy Young, Older, and PD groups was similar, as were characteristics of the recovery towards vertical stance, namely the initial forward lean, range, time constant, and half-life. Tactile feedback increased the responder rate in all groups. A novel response was also observed in which the aftereff ect did not dissipate; i.e., participants remained leaning forward throughout the post-incline stance period. PD does not appear to aff ect the ability to change sensorimotor set if the change is slow.

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“…A number of clinical tests, such as the pull‐test, the push‐release test, tandem stance and gait, single‐leg standing, and the timed up‐and‐go (TUG) and sit‐to‐walk tests have been used to identify individuals with disequilibrium who may be at risk of falling . Additionally, a number of rating scales, including the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Activities‐specific Balance Confidence (ABC) scale, the Balance Evaluation Systems Test (BEST), the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA), and Rapid Assessment of Postural Instability (RAPID) have been employed to assess functional mobility and the degree of postural instability in IPD. Relatively few studies have compared these protocols or used them in combination with posturography to determine their relationship to falling …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and posturographic correlates of falling in Parkinson's disease

et al. 2013

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Various clinical tests and balance scales have been used to assess postural stability and the risk of falling in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Quantitative posturography allows a more objective assessment but the findings in previous studies have been inconsistent and few studies have investigated which posturographic measures correlate best with a history of falling. The purpose of this study was to determine the efficacy of clinical tests, balance scales, and stable-platform posturography in detecting postural instability and discriminating between fallers and non-fallers in a home-dwelling PD cohort. Forty-eight PD subjects (Hoehn & Yahr stage 1-3) and 17 age-matched controls had the following assessments: Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale, Berg Balance Scale, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) (motor), pull-test, timed up-and-go, static posturography, and dynamic posturography to assess multidirectional leaning balance. Of the clinical assessments, all but the pull-test were closely correlated with a history of falling. Static posturography discriminated between PD fallers and controls but not between PD fallers and non-fallers, whereas dynamic posturography (reaction time, velocity, and target hit-time) also discriminated between fallers and non-fallers. Our findings suggest that this combination of clinical and posturographic measures would be useful in the prospective assessment of falls risk in PD patients. A further prospective study is now required to assess their predictive value. © 2013 Movement Disorder Society.

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Diagnostic value of the rapid assessment of postural instability in parkinson’s disease (RAPID) questionnaire

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

Postural adaptation to a slow sensorimotor set-changing task in Parkinson's disease¹

Clinical and posturographic correlates of falling in Parkinson's disease

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Diagnostic value of the rapid assessment of postural instability in parkinson’s disease (RAPID) questionnaire

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

Upregulation of GPR109A in Parkinson’s Disease

Postural adaptation to a slow sensorimotor set-changing task in Parkinson's disease1

Clinical and posturographic correlates of falling in Parkinson's disease

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Postural adaptation to a slow sensorimotor set-changing task in Parkinson's disease¹