Diagnostic value of white blood cell parameters for COVID‐19: Is there a role for HFLC and IG?

Myari, Alexandra; Papapetrou, Evangelia; Tsaousi, Christina

doi:10.1111/ijlh.13728

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…It releases large amounts of reactive oxygen species that damage cellular DNA and destroy viruses. Furthermore, NEU can be activated by inflammatory factors linked to the presence of viruses, such as interleukin-6 and interleukin-8, tumor necrosis factor alpha, granulocyte colony stimulating factor and interferongamma, produced by lymphocytes and endothelial cells [24][25][26]. On the other hand, systemic inflammation, triggered by SARS-CoV-2, significantly depresses cellular immunity, leading to a decrease in CD3 + T cells, CD4 + T cells, and CD8 + T cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"New Parameters in Covid-19 Therapy Guidance: A Retrospec-Tive Study"

Falasca

2023

BJSTR

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Objectives: Laboratory examinations with new parameters can help the clinician through the path of care of COVID-19 patient. The aims of this study to evaluate the relationship between the severity of the disease, the qualitative and hemocytometric data obtained within three days of hospital admission; and between the latter and the stage of the disease described by the patient. Materials and Methods:This retrospective, single-center cohort study included patients with COVID-19 diagnosis, from April 26, 2021, to October 24, 2021. 68 patients were enrolled, and they did a complete blood count with positional parameters, immature granulocytes and their relationship to lymphocytes and all these data were collected in three stages in the first three days of hospitalization. Results:The relationship between neutrophils and lymphocytes (NRL) showed a progressive in-crease over time and in particular statistically higher levels between moderate and mild case and between case severe and moderate (p< 0.001). The Delta-He and Hypo-He showed statistically significant differences in the three days of hospitalization (p< 0.001). The IL-6, a pivotal cytokine in self-sustaining inflammatory storm, remains higher during the first three days of hospitalization in severe cases, resulting in a statistically significant difference with the other groups during the observation period(p< 0.01). The CRP have a significant difference only on the first day, between severe and mild cases and between severe and moderate cases(p< 0.001). Finally, the ferritin is confirmed to be higher in severe patients. It remained higher in the three days. Conclusion:The dosing of factors such as NLR, IGLR, As-lymph/L, Delta-He, Hypo-He, IL-6, LDH, ferritin could be useful for the early identification of patients at high risk of moderate/severe acute respiratory failure. These hematochimical parameters, which are easy and quick to perform, and who may require different and more specific treatment protocols. These hematochimical parameters, which are easy and quick to perform, and who may determine the use of different and more specific treatment protocols in patients with diagnosis of COVID-19.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"New Parameters in Covid-19 Therapy Guidance: A Retrospec-Tive Study"

Falasca

2023

BJSTR

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“…Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of standard blood tests performed upon patient admission to the hospital for the diagnosis and prediction of the severity of COVID-19 infection ( 15 , 22 – 24 ). The IG% is a metric that is poorly understood and underutilized by clinicians.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The IG% is a metric that is poorly understood and underutilized by clinicians. In a routine blood count, this parameter may be measured inexpensively and swiftly ( 22 ). The early release of immature neutrophils from bone marrow into peripheral blood has been linked to inflammation, particularly in numerous infectious diseases ( 24 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the study by Combadière et al ( 28 ), increased proportions of circulating IGs expressing either CD123 or lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 in critical COVID-19 cases were associated with disease severity and thromboembolic complications. In addition, in their study on 368 patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, Myari et al ( 22 ) discovered that the IG count may be a useful indicator of critical disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Immature granulocytes: Innovative biomarker for SARS‑CoV‑2 infection

et al. 2022

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Immature granulocytes (IGs) include metamyelocytes, myelocytes and promyelocytes, and are the precursors of neutrophils. Increased IG counts found in peripheral blood indicate an enhanced bone marrow activity. In addition, IGs have been evaluated in numerous clinical conditions, such as severe acute pancreatitis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome and infectious complications following open-heart surgery under cardiopulmonary bypass. Neutrophils are considered to play a crucial role in the host defense during bacterial and fungal infections, and are involved in the antiviral immune response. Numerous studies have reported the role of neutrophils in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection, concluding that the percentage of neutrophils may be a predictor of the severity of COVID-19 infection. There has been limited research regarding the role of neutrophil precursors in viral infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. The present thus aimed to evaluate the role of the IG count in patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 infection. The patients were predominantly infected with the alpha variant and were all unvaccinated. The IG count was measured and was found to be associated with disease severity, with patient outcomes, with the duration of hospitalization and with the development of complications. The IG count was a significantly associated with the severity of COVID-19 infection, with greater IG count values being detected in severe and critical cases. In addition, greater IG count values were associated with a longer duration of hospitalization. Furthermore, the IG count was found to be an independent prognostic biomarker of intubation and mortality in patients with COVID-19, according to multivariate logistic regression analysis, including age, the male sex and the presence of comorbidities as confounders.

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“…69 While eosinopenia was identified as a prospective screening, diagnostic and prognostic tool, the true role of eosinophils in lung pathology pursuant this infection is unclear. 72 Eosinopenia was shown to be an early convenient diagnostic and screening tool for COVID-19 infection 73,74 and as a prognostic marker of disease severity and unfavourable outcome in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia. 75,76 Interestingly, eosinophilia (especially in asthmatic patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids) was associated with improved COVID-19 outcome.…”

Section: Eosinophils As Part Of Innate Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Eosinophils—from cradle to grave

Jesenak,

Diamant,

Simon

et al. 2023

Allergy

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Over the past years, eosinophils have become a focus of scientific interest, especially in the context of their recently uncovered functions (e.g. antiviral, anti‐inflammatory, regulatory). These versatile cells display both beneficial and detrimental activities under various physiological and pathological conditions. Eosinophils are involved in the pathogenesis of many diseases which can be classified into primary (clonal) and secondary (reactive) disorders and idiopathic (hyper)eosinophilic syndromes. Depending on the biological specimen, the eosinophil count in different body compartments may serve as a biomarker reflecting the underlying pathophysiology and/or activity of distinct diseases and as a therapy‐driving (predictive) and monitoring tool. Personalized selection of an appropriate therapeutic strategy directly or indirectly targeting the increased number and/or activity of eosinophils should be based on the understanding of eosinophil homeostasis including their interactions with other immune and non‐immune cells within different body compartments. Hence, restoring as well as maintaining homeostasis within an individual's eosinophil pool is a goal of both specific and non‐specific eosinophil‐targeting therapies. Despite the overall favourable safety profile of the currently available anti‐eosinophil biologics, the effect of eosinophil depletion should be monitored from the perspective of possible unwanted consequences.

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Diagnostic value of white blood cell parameters for COVID‐19: Is there a role for HFLC and IG?

Cited by 15 publications

References 39 publications

"New Parameters in Covid-19 Therapy Guidance: A Retrospec-Tive Study"

"New Parameters in Covid-19 Therapy Guidance: A Retrospec-Tive Study"

Immature granulocytes: Innovative biomarker for SARS‑CoV‑2 infection

Eosinophils—from cradle to grave

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