Diagnostic values of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen and trans-rectal ultrasound in men with prostatism

Manyahi, Joel; Musau, P; Mteta, Alfred Kien

doi:10.4314/eamj.v86i9.54168

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…1). Studies were spread across six countries namely Nigeria (seven) [12,13,18,[23][24][25][26], South Africa (two) [27,28], Kenya (one) [29], Senegal (one) [30], Sudan (one) [31], and Tanzania (one) [32]. Of the 13 studies, ten studies reported sensitivity of PSA, specificity of PSA or both (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We identified some studies that described sensitivity and specificity of PSA and digital rectal examination (DRE) (Table 3). It has been established that combination of PSA and DRE can be used to predict PCa, with sensitivity rates as high as 100% having been reported [23,25,32]. Milwa et al gave a diagnostic accuracy of 87% using DRE and PSA [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen and its surrogates towards the detection of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Okwor,

Nnakenyi,

Agbo

et al. 2023

Afr J Urol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Racial disparities associated with pathogenesis and progression of prostate cancer makes a global diagnostic prostate-specific antigen (PSA) cut-off value inappropriate. Our review aimed to evaluate the pooled sensitivity and specificity of PSA and its surrogates, and to systematically synthesize the optimum thresholds for the detection of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa. Methods This was a systematic review of 6861 peer-reviewed literature from five databases: MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, African Journal Online and Academic Search Complete, last search was in September 2022. Studies reporting the diagnostic accuracy of PSA and/or its surrogates towards the detection of prostate cancer in patients, using histology of prostate biopsy as the reference test for cancer diagnosis, were included. Studies that did not report sensitivity and/or specificity, or histology diagnosis of prostate cancer were excluded. Risk of bias assessment was conducted using quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS) by two independent investigators. Random effect model of meta-analysis was performed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis version 3. Results Thirteen (13) studies of males diagnosed with prostate cancer were included—10 studies reported PSA sensitivity/specificity/both; 4 reported on PSA surrogates (3 reported %freePSA, and 1 reported PSA density). We conducted 2 meta-analyses to pool the diagnostic accuracy of PSA and %freePSA. The sensitivity of PSA (n = 10) at the cut-off values of < 4 ng/ml, 4–10 ng/ml, > 10 ng/ml were 86.8%, 93.1%, and 76.0% respectively; while specificity (n = 8) were 42.3%, 29.3%, and 28.8% respectively. The PSA cut-off of 4–10 ng/ml possessed the highest diagnostic accuracy (55.7%). The specificity (91.5%) and diagnostic accuracy (84%) of %freePSA (n = 3) was best at cut-off value ≤ 10%. Conclusion Having the highest diagnostic accuracy individually, a combination of PSA 4–10 ng/ml and %freePSA ≤ 10% may be a more appropriate criteria for deciding eligibility for prostate biopsy among males in sub-Saharan Africa.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen and its surrogates towards the detection of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Okwor,

Nnakenyi,

Agbo

et al. 2023

Afr J Urol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Similarly, Manyahi et al . [ 32 ] in Tanzania recorded a high sensitivity, specificity, and PPV of 66.7%, 88.6%, and 67%, respectively. Tijani et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manyahi et al . [ 32 ] also reported that a combination of DRE and PSA yields a diagnostic accuracy of 75% for prostate cancer. Galic et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate cancer at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital

Imasogie,

Ozah

2023

J West Afr Coll Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To assess and compare the diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal examination (DRE) in the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective, comparative study carried out over a period of 14 months at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin City. It involved male patients ≥50 years who presented at the urology clinic with lower urinary tract symptoms (due to prostatic disease), PSA > 4 ng/mL and or abnormal DRE findings. They had serum total PSA determined. Patients were recruited for prostate biopsy and samples sent for histopathological assessment. Histopathology was determined by a histopathologist dedicated to the study. Using a researcher-administered, structured proforma, data were collected, collated and subjected to statistical analysis for assessment and comparative analysis of the diagnostic accuracy of PSA and DRE. Results: The study involved 94 patients; they were all Nigerians. The age range of the study population was 50–85 years, with a mean age of 70.4 ± 8.6 years. Most (89.4%) of the patients were exposed to formal education. PSA of the study population ranged between 2.5 and 840 ng/mL. For patients with carcinoma of the prostate (CaP), median PSA value was 79.2 ng/mL, whereas patients with benign prostatic disease had a median PSA value of 16.0 ng/mL. The difference in median PSA value between the two groups was statistically significant ( P < 0.001). In this study, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV) and diagnostic accuracy of PSA was 97.2%, 12.1%, 40.7%, 87.5% and 44.7%, respectively. However, a sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of DRE was 88.9%, 70.7%, 65.3%, 91.1% and 77.7%, respectively. Combination of PSA and DRE had sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV and diagnostic accuracy of 91.7%, 91.4%, 86.8%, 94.6% and 91.5%, respectively. In this study, 36 (38.3%) patients had CaP whereas 57 (60.6%) patients had benign prostatic disease and 1 (1.1%) patient had high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. Conclusion: The study revealed a low specificity, high sensitivity and low diagnostic accuracy of PSA in diagnosis of CaP. However, sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of DRE were high but not sufficient in diagnosis of CaP. A combination of PSA and DRE had a higher sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy in diagnosis of prostate cancer.

show abstract

“…Despite of awareness of the public about prostate cancer, still a number of patients at MNH present with advanced prostate cancer [5]. Patients with advanced prostate cancer are initially treated with either surgical or medical Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinicopathological presentation of patients with prostate cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Kivuyo¹,

Nyongole²,

Mushi³

et al. 2020

World J. Adv. Res. Rev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common type of cancer in men and is of major public health importance worldwide. This study aimed to establish the clinicopathological presentation and its impression in disease progression like to Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) of patients treated for Prostate Cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) in Dar es Salaam.This was a retrospective descriptive hospital based study at Muhimbili National Hospital. Patients who were treated for prostate cancer were identified. Information regarding primary prostatic cancer treatment, clinical disease progression symptoms, and age of the patients were collected. A total of 293 case notes were reviewed of which 189 patients who were treated for prostatic carcinoma with androgen deprivation, 96(50.8%) met the criteria for the diagnoses of Castrate Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) and their mean age was 71.23±4.2. About half of our patients 146(49.7%) presented with history of urine retention necessitating urethral catheterization but also patients had hard, nodulated, grade three prostate though 48.2% had missing documentation of Digital Rectal Examination (DRE) findings. Most of the patients had a poorly differentiated histology with PSA over 100ng/l. Almost all patients had a clinical progression signifying a metastatic disease. Majority of patients presented with symptomatic prostate cancer contrary to the natural history of prostate cancer at its early stage. Urine retention and hard nodulated grade three prostate were the commonest clinical presentation whereas poorly differentiated carcinoma of the prostate was a common pathological finding among patients with prostate cancer MNH in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

show abstract

Diagnostic values of digital rectal examination, prostate specific antigen and trans-rectal ultrasound in men with prostatism

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen and its surrogates towards the detection of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Sensitivity and specificity of prostate-specific antigen and its surrogates towards the detection of prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review with meta-analysis

The diagnostic accuracy of prostate-specific antigen and digital rectal examination in the diagnosis of prostate cancer at the University of Benin Teaching Hospital

Clinicopathological presentation of patients with prostate cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About