Diagnóstico participativo para identificação de problemas de saúde em comunidade em situação de vulnerabilidade social

Abstract

The Health Promotion paradigm led to the acknowledgment of health due to factors linked to the social, political and economic contexts. In Brazil, health inequities are one of the most striking features of the health situation, challenging the effectiveness of intersectoral policies. This study aimed to understand the perception of socially vulnerable community dwellers of the problems that interfere with the health conditions and the coping strategies used. The methodology consisted of a participatory research based on the participatory diagnosis conducted with 31 key informants from the community studied in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. As a result, participants evidenced that the community has health issues due to weak intersectoral actions (infrastructure, public safety, basic sanitation, garbage collection, among others) and that they seek to address them through social mobilization actions and institutional support. Thus, Participatory Diagnosis is thought to increase social involvement with health promotion and problem solving and contributes to ensuring the right to the city to all its residents.

Reflective study on participatory diagnosis as a community research strategy

“…This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Universidade de Fortaleza, under Opinion 1,146,837. Data collection and reflexive movement were performed from January 2016 to January 2018 (6)(7) , based on the information obtained from the PD strategy in health with residents of the community under investigation.…”

Enfrentamento de problemas que impactam na saúde de uma comunidade socialmente vulnerável sob a ótica dos moradores

“…The sample consisted of 31 community dwellers, named key informants (KI), aged 18 to 80 years, indicated by the Community Health Workers (ACS) of the neighborhood. Of the KIs, 24 were women and seven men, all with more than five years of residence in that location, who contributed with their lenses and perceptions aimed at solving the problems they identified in the first stage of this investigation 9 . KIs are residents who actively participate in the life of the community, exercise leadership in several segments or have reliable and in-depth information on the topic under study 10 .…”

“…In an earlier study 9 , community problems that interfere with the health conditions of the population were identified. To this end, strategies were used to collect participative data, such as street walking, semi-structured individual interviews and two focus groups with the 31 KIs, at pre-scheduled dates and times.…”

Territórios de atenção à saúde: dinâmicas urbanísticas e sociais

“…Neste caso, a ausência de moradia, implica em situações de vulnerabilidade ao indivíduo em vários aspectos sendo um deles os serviços de saúde, pois, dificulta a acessibilidade aos diversos programas, mas também, essa condição implica em determinantes sociais em saúde, como o trabalho (FERRAZ, BATISTA, 2017). Estes fatos demostram como o contexto social, político e econômico podem interferir na saúde, reafirmando estes fatores como condicionantes contrários a promoção da saúde(SOUSA et al, 2017).…”