Diagnostics of atherosclerosis: Overview of the existing methods

Poznyak, Anastasia V.; Sukhorukov, Vasily N.; Еремин, И И; Nadelyaeva, Irina I.; Orekhov, Alexander N.

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1134097

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Traditional diagnostic techniques for atherosclerosis involve a combination of imaging studies and blood tests that aim to assess the arterial walls for signs of plaque accumulation and evaluate the risk factors associated with the disease [ 49 ]. Imaging studies such as ultrasound, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provide direct visualization of arterial plaque and help in assessing the degree of stenosis or narrowing of the arteries [ 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Atherosclerosis: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy for Atherosclerosis: Past, Present, and Future

Lin,

Xie,

2024

Pharmaceutics

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This review paper examines the evolution of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as a novel, minimally invasive strategy for treating atherosclerosis, a leading global health concern. Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and inflammation within arterial walls, leading to significant morbidity and mortality through cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. Traditional therapeutic approaches have primarily focused on modulating risk factors such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia, with emerging evidence highlighting the pivotal role of inflammation. PDT, leveraging a photosensitizer, specific-wavelength light, and oxygen, offers targeted treatment by inducing cell death in diseased tissues while sparing healthy ones. This specificity, combined with advancements in nanoparticle technology for improved delivery, positions PDT as a promising alternative to traditional interventions. The review explores the mechanistic basis of PDT, its efficacy in preclinical studies, and the potential for enhancing plaque stability and reducing macrophage density within plaques. It also addresses the need for further research to optimize treatment parameters, mitigate adverse effects, and validate long-term outcomes. By detailing past developments, current progress, and future directions, this paper aims to highlight PDT’s potential in revolutionizing atherosclerosis treatment, bridging the gap from experimental research to clinical application.

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Section: Atherosclerosis: An Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photodynamic Therapy for Atherosclerosis: Past, Present, and Future

Lin,

Xie,

2024

Pharmaceutics

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“…Due to this dependance, diagnosis of CHD requires diagnosis of atherosclerosis. Clinically, atherosclerosis is diagnosed using Chest x-ray, Echocardiogram, MRI and CT scan [38]. The identification of the nature and position of fatty blockage therefore helps in identification and prognosis of different CHDs.…”

Section: Chd and Underlying Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

2D-Bio-FETs for sensitive detection of cardiovascular diseases

Choudhary,

Singh,

Dixit

2024

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

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The biosensing industry has seen exponential growth in the past decade. Impact of biosensors in the current scenario cannot be overlooked. Cardiovascular diseases (CvDs) have been recognized as one of the major causes for millions of deaths globally. This mortality can be minimized by early and accurate detection/diagnosis of CvDs with the help of biosensing devices. This also presents a global market opportunity for the development of biosensors for CvDs. A vast variety of biosensing methods and devices have been developed for this problem. Most of commercially available platforms for CvD detection rely on optical (fluorometric and colorimetric analysis) techniques using serum biomarkers since optical testing is the gold standard in medical diagnosis. Field effect transistors-based biosensors, termed as Bio-FETs, are the upcoming devices for blood or serum analyte detection due to excellent sensitivity, low operational voltage, handheld device structure and simple chip-based operation. Further, the discovery of two dimensional (2D) materials and their integration with conventional FETs has improved the overvoltage problem, sensitivity and strict operating conditions as compared to conventional FETs. Graphene-FETs (GFETs) based biosensing devices have been proven as promising candidates due to their attractive properties. Despite the severe threat of CvDs which has further increased in post-covid era, the Bio-FET sensor studies in literature are still rare. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive view of all the multidisciplinary concepts related to 2D-BioFETs for CvDs. A critical review of the different platforms has been covered with detailed discussions with related studies to provide a clear concept and present status of 2D-BioFETs based CvD biosensors.

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“…12,13 Given its severe morbidity and mortality globally, comprehensive investigations of AS have garnered great scientific interest, and there is a strong demand for strategies capable of thoroughly studying AS, aiming to reveal more critical pathogenetic mechanisms, develop more accurate diagnostic methods, establish more practical therapeutic treatments and discover more effective drugs, that can alleviate symptom and decrease the overall risk of deaths of AS. 14–16…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%