Diallel analysis of corn for special use as corn grits: determining the main genetic effects for corn gritting ability

Abstract

ABSTRACT. Corn grits are used for various purposes such as flakes, snacks, livestock feed, hominy, extruded products, beer, etc. The grit size proportion varies according to the hybrid, and thus, once the use of the grits is linked to the particle size, determining the genetic effects is essential to develop hybrids for any specific use. For this purpose a complete diallel series of crosses, involving eight parents, was performed near Maringá, PR, Brazil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the general (GCA) and specific (SCA) combining abilities of 28 progeny for selection of hybrids for breeding programs and extraction of inbred lines for hybrid development. The response variables, such as plant height, ear insertion height, crop stand, grain yield, and grits, small grits and bran production, were gauged and appraised for each of the 28 progeny. The trait effects and GCA were significant for all response variables, while for SCA, only grain yield and crop stand showed significance (P < 0.05), according to Griffing (1955) analysis. A significant weak negative 6549 ©FUNPEC-RP www.funpecrp.com.br Genetics and Molecular Research 13 (3): 6548-6556 (2014) Diallel analysis of corn gritting ability partial correlation was found between grain yield and grits conversion. In relation to the hybrid selection for breeding programs, the parent IAC Nelore was highly recommended for recurrent selection and the hybrids IPR 119 x HT 392 and IAC Nelore x HD 332 for the extraction of pure lines for hybrid development.

Research Article Combining ability of popcorn lines for resistance to the fungus <i>Puccinia</i> <i>polysora</i> (Pucciniaceae)

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Development of a multiple-hybrid population for genome-wide association studies: theoretical consideration and genetic mapping of flowering traits in maize

“…A Combined Relative Level (CRL) model using 112 metabolite levels in young roots from four parental inbred lines and their diallel hybrids in maize indicates that parental metabolite profiles can be used together with selected hybrids as a training set to predict biomass of all possible hybrids41. A complete diallel series of crosses involving eight parents was developed to evaluate GCA and SCA for corn grits42. A partial NC II design for cotton and rapeseed using epistatic association mapping revealed additive and additive by additive interaction effects for GCA, and dominance related effects for SCA.…”

Partial diallel and genetic divergence analyses in maize inbred lines

“…These responses constituted a key element for breeding programs, justifying the partition of variance in the groups of interest in the diallel analysis of variance, which was not performed in PH as its effects were not significant. The coefficients values in the experimental variation ranged from low to moderate in almost all traits, except for the number of lodged and broken plants, when compared to reports of diallel crosses using inbred lines (Durães et al, 2002;Silva et al, 2010;Conrado, Scapim, Bignotto, & Pinheiro, 2014;Werle et al, 2014) and reference values proposed for maize by Fritsche-Neto, Vieira, Scapim, Vieira, and Rezende (2012), indicating acceptable experimental precision. Evidently, the coefficients of experimental variation depend on the evaluated trait, the unit of evaluation, and on the genetic structure of the evaluated populations.…”