The paper presents a review of exploratory and applied research carried out in Russia since the 1990s in the field of diamond-silicon carbide composite materials. A new class of isotropic ceramic materials has been created—diamond-silicon carbide composites, which have received the name Skeleton. The physical, mechanical, thermophysical and functional properties of materials depending on their composition are discussed. It is shown that the studied materials simultaneously combine mechanical, thermophysical and functional properties at a level not achieved in other materials, which allows the use of the Skeleton material in various fields of engineering.