“…The bottom-up overgrowth methods make use of a nanostructured template, over which the diamond is grown. These templates include silicon nanowires ( Gao et al, 2015 ; Gund et al, 2015 ), porous silicon ( Ferreira et al, 2005 ; Silva et al, 2015 ), ‘black’ silicon ( May et al, 2016 ), silica fibers ( Petrák et al, 2017 ; Vlčková Živcová et al, 2018 ), silica nanospheres ( Gao et al, 2014 ), anodized aluminum oxide (AAO) ( Masuda et al, 2001 ; Aramesh et al, 2014 ), and quartz fibers ( Kondo et al, 2009 ). The annealing method applies a high temperature to the diamond in vacuum or an atmosphere of air, pure oxygen, or steam.…”