Diamond Integrated Quantum Nanophotonics: Spins, Photons and Phonons

Abstract

Integrated quantum photonics devices in diamond have tremendous potential for many quantum applications, including long-distance quantum communication, quantum information processing, and quantum sensing. These devices benefit from diamond's combination of exceptional thermal, optical, and mechanical properties. Its wide electronic bandgap makes diamond an ideal host for a variety of optical active spin qubits that are key building blocks for quantum technologies. In landmark experiments, diamond spin qubits have enabled demonstrations of remote entanglement, memory-enhanced quantum communication, and multi-qubit spin registers with fault-tolerant quantum error correction, leading to the realization of multinode quantum networks. These advancements put diamond at the forefront of solid-state material platforms for quantum information processing. Recent developments in diamond nanofabrication techniques provide a promising route to further scaling of these landmark experiments towards real-life quantum technologies. In this paper, we focus on the recent progress in creating integrated diamond quantum photonic devices, with particular emphasis on spin-photon interfaces, cavity optomechanical devices, and spin-phonon transduction. Finally, we discuss prospects and remaining challenges for the use of diamond in scalable quantum technologies.

Epitaxial quantum dots: a semiconductor launchpad for photonic quantum technologies

“…Key functionalities enabled in this stage include device-independent QKD [261] and, if quantum memories are successfully employed, blind quantum computation [262] and advanced cryptographic tasks [263] . Proof-of-principle demonstrations in this stage have recently been realized, such as loophole-free tests of the Bell inequality, quantum teleportation, and the entanglement distribution on a couple of quantum nodes [164,264–271] . Most current attempts employ either color centers in diamond or atomic systems as quantum nodes.…”

High-Q Fano Resonances in Diamond Nanopillars

“…By gathering all the above mentioned features, diamond results to be a rather promising material for classical and quantum photonic devices. [8,9] Recently, a comprehensive review by Shandilya and coworkers [10] highlighted the potential that diamond has for integrated quantum photonics. However, despite the longstanding interest toward diamond in the quantum optics community, there are still few examples of diamond based metasurfaces in literature, such as metalenses to efficiently extract light from Nitrogen Vacancy centers [11], diamond nanostructures sustaining Mie resonances in view of generating artificial colours with high efficiency [12] and nanostructured diamond whose non linear properties have been investigated [13].…”

Kerr–Optomechanical Spectroscopy of Multimode Diamond Resonators

“…14 These properties, in combination with diamond's exceptional mechanical characteristics, make it an ideal material for creating cavity optomechanical devices that coherently couple optical and mechanical resonances. 15 Cavity optomechanical devices have led to breakthroughs in quantum phononics 6 including demonstration of quantum memories 16 and transducers. 17−19 Diamond cavity optomechanical devices 20,21 have broadened the toolbox available for quantum and classical information processing by introducing coupling of photons and phonons to quantum spin systems associated with defects in the diamond crystal.…”

“…They underpin breakthroughs in nonlinear optics, solid-state and atomic quantum optics, , sensing, and quantum optomechanics. , Optical resonators created from diamond have attracted considerable attention, in part thanks to diamond’s ability to host defects, whose electronic and nuclear degrees of freedom are used as memories in quantum networks , and as quantum sensors. , Diamond’s optical and thermal properties allow it to support intense optical fields, leading to enhancement of nonlinear optical effects fueling demonstrations of microresonator-based optical frequency combs , and lasers . These properties, in combination with diamond’s exceptional mechanical characteristics, make it an ideal material for creating cavity optomechanical devices that coherently couple optical and mechanical resonances …”