Diapause in a tropical oil-collecting bee: molecular basis unveiled by RNA-Seq

Du²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: The parasitoid wasp, Trichogramma dendrolimi, can enter diapause at the prepupal stage. Thus, diapause is an efficient preservation method during the mass production of T. dendrolimi. Previous studies on diapause have mainly focused on ecological characteristics, so the molecular basis of diapause in T. dendrolimi is unknown. We compared transcriptomes of diapause and non-diapause T. dendrolimi to identify key genes and pathways involved in diapause development.Results: Transcriptome sequencing was performed on diapause prepupae, pupae after diapause, non-diapause prepupae, and pupae. Analysis yielded a total of 87,022 transcripts with an average length of 1,604 bp. By removing redundant sequences and those without significant BLAST hits, a non-redundant dataset was generated, containing 7,593 sequences with an average length of 3,351 bp. Among them, 5,702 genes were differentially expressed. The result of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, oxidation-reduction process, and signal transduction were significantly affected. Ten genes were selected for validation using quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The changes showed the same trend as between the qPCR and RNA-Seq results. Several genes were identified as involved in diapause, including ribosomal proteins, zinc finger proteins, homeobox proteins, forkhead box proteins, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase, Glutathione-S-transferase, p53, and DNA damage-regulated gene 1 (pdrg1). Genes related to lipid metabolism were also included.Conclusions: We generated a large amount of transcriptome data from T. dendrolimi, providing a resource for future gene function research. The diapause-related genes identified help reveal the molecular mechanisms of diapause, in T. dendrolimi, and other insect species.

Section: The Third Group Of Transcription Factors Is Forkhead Box Procontrasting

confidence: 96%

High-throughput profiling of diapause regulated genes from Trichogramma dendrolimi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

Du²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

“…dendrolimi prepupal diapause. This was different from other species, such as solitary bee Tetrapedia diversipes [50] and Tetranychus urticae in which transcripts are down-regulated during diapause. In other species, the downregulation of GST and UDPGT might be correlated with non-feeding conditions, so the amount of exogenous substances decreases accordingly.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Genes Involved In Diapausecontrasting

confidence: 94%

High-throughput profiling of diapause regulated genes from Trichogramma dendrolimi, an important egg parasitoid

Du²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background The parasitoid insect Trichogramma dendrolimi can successfully enter diapause at the prepupal stage. Thus, diapause is an efficient preservation method during the mass production of T. dendrolimi . Previous studies on diapause have focused mostly on ecological characteristics, so the molecular mechanism of diapause in T. dendrolimi is mostly unknown. In this study, we compared transcriptomes of diapause and non-diapause T. dendrolimi to identify genes involved in the development of diapause. Results Transcriptome sequencing was performed using different samples, including diapause prepupae, pupae after diapause, normal prepupae, and pupae. This initially yielded a total of 87,022 unigenes with an average length of 1,604 bp. By removing redundant sequences and those without significant BLAST hits, a non-redundant dataset was generated, containing 7,593 sequences with an average length of 3351 bp. Among the differentially expressed genes, 1,204 were specifically expressed during the diapause stage, and 820 were significantly up-regulated. The result of GO enrichment analysis revealed that binding, oxidation−reduction process, and ribosome biogenesis were significantly affected. Ten genes were selected for validation using a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The changes showed the same trend between the qPCR and RNA-Seq results. Based on previous studies and our data, several genes were identified to be involved in diapause, including UDP-glucuronosyltransferase ; Glutathione-S-transferase , ATGs , zinc finger protein genes, cell cycle-related genes, Trehalase , trehalose transporter , hsp68 , p53, and DNA damage-regulated gene 1 ( pdrg1 ), and genes related to lipid metabolism were also included. Conclusions In this study, we generated a great amount of transcriptome data from T. dendrolimi , providing a resource for gene function research. The diapause-related genes that we identified establish a valuable basis for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of diapause, not only for T. dendrolimi, but for other species as well.

“…The transcriptional expression of GST and UDPGT were up-regulated during T. dendrolimi prepupal diapause. This was different from other species, such as solitary bee Tetrapedia diversipes and Tetranychus urticae in which transcripts are down-regulated during diapause [62] . In other species, the downregulation of GST and UDPGT might be correlated with non-feeding conditions, so the amount of exogenous substances decreases accordingly.…”

Section: Comparative Analysis Of Genes Involved In Diapausecontrasting

confidence: 92%

High-throughput profiling of diapause regulated genes from Trichogramma dendrolimi, an important egg parasitoid

Du²,

et al. 2020

Preprint

Background: The parasitoid wasp Trichogramma dendrolimi can successfully enter diapause at the prepupal stage. Thus, diapause is an efficient preservation method during the mass production of T. dendrolimi . Previous studies on diapause have focused largely on ecological characteristics, so the molecular mechanism of diapause in T. dendrolimi is mostly unknown. In this study, we compared transcriptomes of diapause and non-diapause T. dendrolimi to identify key genes and pathways involved in the development of diapause. Results: Transcriptome sequencing was performed using different samples, including diapause prepupae, pupae after diapause, normal prepupae, and pupae. Initially, it yielded a total of 87,022 unigenes with an average length of 1,604 bp. By removing redundant sequences and those without significant BLAST hits, a non-redundant dataset was generated, containing 7,593 sequences with an average length of 3,351 bp. Among them, 5,702 genes were differentially expressed. The result of Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that regulation of transcription, DNA-templated, oxidation-reduction process, and signal transduction were significantly affected. Ten genes were selected for validation using a quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR). The changes showed the same trend between the qPCR and RNA-Seq results. Based on our data, several genes were identified to be involved in diapause, including ribosomal proteins, zinc finger proteins, homeobox proteins, forkhead box proteins, UDP-glucuronosyltransferase , Glutathione-S-transferase , p53 , DNA damage-regulated gene 1 ( pdrg1 ), and genes related to lipid metabolism were also included. Conclusions: In this study, we generated a great amount of transcriptome data from T. dendrolimi , providing a resource for gene function research. The diapause-related genes that we identified establish a valuable basis for future studies on the molecular mechanisms of diapause, not only for T. dendrolimi , but for other species as well.