Diarrhea in Preschool Children and <i>Lactobacillus reuteri</i>: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Gutiérrez‐Castrellón, Pedro; López-Velázquez, Gabriel; Díaz–García, Luisa; Jiménez-Gutiérrez, Carlos; Mancilla-Ramı́rez, Javier; Estevez-Jimenéz, Juliana; Parra, M. A.

doi:10.1542/peds.2013-0652

Cited by 103 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Recovery stools had a lesser relative abundance of Lactobacillus, thought to be a marker of a healthy microbiome. 26,27 While this finding was unexpected, a previous study of Indian children found that the abundance of Lactobacillus species increased at the end of diarrhea episodes and then decreased after 3 months of recovery. 28 Also, as compared with diarrhea stools, recovery stools had a greater relative abundance of genera of the order Clostridiales (Dorea, Blautia, Dialister, and Sporobacterium WAL_1855D).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Gut Microbiome Composition in Young Nicaraguan Children During Diarrhea Episodes and Recovery

Becker‐Dreps¹,

Allali²,

Monteagudo³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. Understanding how the gut microbiota is affected by diarrhea episodes may help explain alterations in intestinal function among children in low-income settings. This study examined the composition of the gut microbiome of Nicaraguan children both during diarrhea episodes and while free of diarrhea for at least 2 months. Relative abundances of bacterial taxa, phylogenetic diversity, and species richness were determined by 16S amplicon sequencing and compared between paired diarrhea and recovery samples. A total of 66 stools were provided by 25 children enrolled in a 1-year cohort study of diarrhea etiologies. Children in our cohort had a mean age of 21.9 months; 64% were breast-fed, and 10% had received an antibiotic during the diarrhea episode. Overall, phylogenetic diversity and species richness did not differ significantly between diarrhea and recovery stools. However, of children who had a bacterial enteropathogen detected in any diarrhea stool, none experienced an increase in phylogenetic diversity in recovery, whereas of those in whom no bacterial enteropathogens were detected in their diarrhea stool(s), 59% experienced an increase in phylogenetic diversity in recovery (P = 0.008). This preliminary study suggests that recovery of the gut microbiota after a diarrhea episode may take longer time than previously thought and may be pathogen specific.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Gut Microbiome Composition in Young Nicaraguan Children During Diarrhea Episodes and Recovery

Becker‐Dreps¹,

Allali²,

Monteagudo³

et al. 2015

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One RCT documented that a daily administration of L. reuteri for 3 months in 336 otherwise healthy, Mexican children attending day care centers a significant reduction in the number of episodes of diarrhoea, episodes of diarrhoea per child, mean duration of diarrhoea episodes and days with diarrhea per child both during the intervention and for the next 3-month follow-up period compared to the placebo group [56]. Another RCT carried out in malnourished Indonesian children found that the consumption of regular calcium milk with L. reuteri compared with regular calcium milk alone reduced the risk of diarrhoeal disease [57].…”

Section: Probiotics For Diarrhea In Children Attending Day Care Centersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics for Diarrhea in Children

Mandal

Sahi

2017

J Med Res Innov

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Diarrhea remains the second leading cause of death in children below 5 years of age; in addition it is also the reason for a considerable morbidity in children of all ages throughout the globe. Apart from oral rehydration solution, continued feeding, oral zinc and antibiotics for diarrhea of bacterial etiology, there have been no other proven measures for diarrheal illnesses in children. Probiotics are non-pathogenic live microorganisms. When ingested, probiotics can survive passage through the stomach and small bowel. Probiotics are supposed to have preventive as well as curative effects on several types of diarrhea of different etiologies. Keywords: Gastroenteritis, Saccharomyces, Bifidobacterium, Functional food.

show abstract

“…Similarly, group counselling, where parents can hear the information and interact with the researchers and other parents can increase their understanding. For example, this approach was used recently in a placebo-controlled trial of probiotic use for infantile colic [27].…”

Section: Complete and Understandable Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informed Consent in Pediatric Research

Leibson

Koren

2014

Pediatr Drugs

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pediatric drug research is gradually becoming more and more accepted as the norm for assessing whether a drug is safe and efficacious for infants and children. The process of informed consent and assent for these trials presents a major challenge. The aim of this review is to map historical, ethical and legal aspects relevant to the challenges of informed consent in the setting of pediatric drug research. The impact of age, level of maturity and life circumstances on the process of obtaining informed consent as well as the relations between consent and assent are discussed. There appears to be a lack of regulatory clarity in the area of pediatric clinical trials; while numerous statements have been made regarding children's rights to autonomy and their ability to care for themselves and for younger ones, the ever changing status of adolescence is still difficult to translate to informed consent. This may delay scientific and clinical advancement for children who are at the very junction of being independent and not needing parental permission. Obtaining consent and assent for pediatric clinical trials is a delicate matter, as both parent and child need to agree to participate. The appropriate transfer of information to guardians and the children, especially concerning potential risks and benefits, is at the heart of informed consent, as it serves to protect both patient and physician. As many adults lack health literacy, one must ensure that guardians receive relevant information at a level and in forms they can understand regarding the trials their children are asked to participate in. Key PointsThe appropriate transfer of information to guardians and the children, especially concerning potential risks and benefits, is at the heart of informed consent, as it serves to protect both patient and physician.There is compelling evidence that most children younger than 9 years of age lack the capacity to consent for participation in clinical trials.In some jurisdictions, institutional review boards approve the participation in drug research of healthy volunteering children during early adolescence.

show abstract

Diarrhea in Preschool Children and Lactobacillus reuteri: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Cited by 103 publications

References 15 publications

Gut Microbiome Composition in Young Nicaraguan Children During Diarrhea Episodes and Recovery

Gut Microbiome Composition in Young Nicaraguan Children During Diarrhea Episodes and Recovery

Probiotics for Diarrhea in Children

Informed Consent in Pediatric Research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About