Diarrhea of Bacterial and Parasitic Origin in Children in the Pediatric Department of the ANAIM Hospital in Kamsar Guinea

Abstract

IntroductionDiarrhea in children is a major problem and a major threat to public health, it is considered the second leading cause of infant mortality in the world [1,2]. Nearly 1.7 billion cases occur each year, half of them in Africa and South Asia. It kills approximately 525,000 children under the age of five every year [1,2]. It accounts for 40.0% of global under-five mortality [3,4]. Bacterial pathogens contribute enormously to the disease, being responsible for 38.0% of deaths from childhood diarrhea [3]. Developing countries bear the heaviest burden, causing 10.0% of deaths in Nigeria, IndiaIntroduction: Diarrhea is one of the leading causes of illness and death in children under 5 years of age in developing countries. The etiologies are varied and depend on the living conditions. The aim of our study was to describe the causative germs by performing stool culture and examination of stool, in order to help set up a targeted intervention and provide an early warning for more effective response measures.Method: This was a prospective cross-sectional study of descriptive type, conducted over a 12-month period from January 1 to December 31, 2018 in the pediatric department of ANAIM Hospital in Kamsar. We included all children hospitalized for acute diarrhea and who had undergone coproculture and stool parasitology before any treatment.Results: Out of a total of 1223 admissions, 293 cases of acute diarrhea were hospitalized in the pediatric ward of Kamsar, the average age was 22±8 months, the associated pathologies were malaria (86.60%), severe acute malnutrition (11.95%), acute otitis (9.55%).The bacteria found were E. coli (1.71%), Klebsiella (1.02 %,), Salmonella (0.34%), shygella (0.34%) and listeria monocytogene (0.34).The intestinal parasites found were amoebae (3.75%), giardia (3.75%), roundworms (0.34%) and trichomonas (0.34%). Conclusion:Diarrhea is an important cause of morbidity in children in the pediatric department of the hospital of Kamsar. The germs found were dominated by E. coli, Klebsiella, amoebae and giardia.