Diarrhelil Due to Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the Infant Rabbit

Potter, Morris E.; Kaufmann, Arnold F.; Thomason, Berenice M.; Blake, Paul A.; Farmer, J. J.

doi:10.1093/infdis/152.6.1341

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

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“…A number of experimental animal models have been proposed to study the pathogenicity of STEC (63), including gnotobiotic mice (17,18,64), streptomycin-treated mice (15,27,32,61,62), gnotobiotic piglets (14,59), newborn chickens (5), and infant rabbits (26,36,44,50). While mouse models have been used most frequently to date, most are not appropriate because high doses of inoculum, more than 10 7 CFU/body, are usually required for establishment of STEC infection, and often mice do not develop diarrhea even when they are inoculated with such high doses of STEC (21,23).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect ofLactobacillus caseiStrain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits

et al. 2001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective Effect ofLactobacillus caseiStrain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits

et al. 2001

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“…Farmer and colleagues first reported that oral inoculation of high numbers (>10 9 CFU) of E. coli O157:H7 caused watery diarrhea in young (5 to 10 days old) but not older (20 days old) rabbits. In contrast, the ingestion of control (nonpathogenic) E. coli strains failed to cause any signs of morbidity in the animals (65,66). Large numbers of the bacteria could be recovered from the intestine, suggesting that the organism is able to multiply in this environment (65).…”

Section: Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Large numbers of the bacteria could be recovered from the intestine, suggesting that the organism is able to multiply in this environment (65). Subsequent studies identified the colon as the principal site of EHEC-mediated disease, where histological abnormalities, including edema, hemorrhage, the presence of an inflammatory infiltrate, and mucosal epithelial apoptosis, were observed (66,67). In these young animals, the development of diarrhea appears to be driven by inflammation-mediated changes in colonic ion transport resulting in decreased Na absorption and increased Cl secretion (68,69).…”

Section: Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first suckling rabbit studies suggested a role for Stx in the development of diarrhea because natural isolates that produced differing amounts of Stx gave rise to differing severities of disease in the animals (66,67). We later confirmed a role for Stx in E. coli O157:H7 pathogenicity using genetically defined isogenic bacterial mutants (31).…”

Section: Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Animal Models of EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliInfection

Ritchie

2014

Microbiol Spectr

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The first major outbreaks caused by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) raised public and medical awareness of the risks associated with acquiring this potentially deadly infection. The widespread presence of these organisms in the environment, the severity of the clinical sequelae, and the lack of treatment options and effective preventive measures demand that we obtain a better understanding of how this group of organisms cause disease. Animal models allow study of the processes and factors that contribute to disease and, as such, form a valuable tool in the repertoire of infectious disease researchers. Yet despite more than 30 years of research, it seems that no single model host reproduces the full spectrum of clinical disease induced by EHEC in humans. In the first part of this review, a synopsis of what is known about EHEC infections is garnered from human outbreaks and biopsy specimens. The main features and limitations of EHEC infection models that are based on the three most commonly used species (pigs, rabbits, and mice) are described within a historical context. Recent advances are highlighted, and a brief overview of models based on other species is given. Finally, the impact of the host on moderating EHEC infection is considered in light of growing evidence for the need to consider the biology and virulence strategies of EHEC in the context of its niche within the intestine.

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“…Adherence is usually mediated by binding of bacterial surface proteins to host receptors, which are usually carbohydrate residues on cell surface glycoproteins or glycolipids (8). Adherence of EHEC to the intestinal mucosa has been demonstrated in several animal studies (10)(11)(12)(13)(14). Binding of EHEC to isolated rabbit intestinal cells correlated with that to human cells (15), and experimental inoculation in rabbits caused diarrhea and morphologic damage to intestinal mucosa ( 10, 1 1,13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Postnatal Age on the Adherence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli to Rabbit Intestinal Cells

Ashkenazi¹,

May²,

LaRocco³

et al. 1991

Pediatr Res

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ABSTRACT. Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) are associated with hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. These illnesses are typically seen in young children, but are rare before 6 mo of age.The cause of this age restriction is unclear. Because bacterial adherence to intestinal mucosa is considered a critical initial event in pathogenesis, we studied the ontogeny of the adherence of EHEC (0157:H7 and other serotypes) isolated from children with diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, or hemolytic uremic syndrome. Adherence was quantitatively determined by incubating radiolabeled bacteria with viable rabbit intestinal cells, which were prepared by treating loops of distal ileum and proximal colon with EDTA, D m , and citrate. Cells obtained from animals of different ages were studied simultaneously. The adherence of the various EHEC strains varied significantly. A non-0157:H7 E. coli strain 43-12 bound best (35 and 32 bacterialcell to ileal and colonic cells, respectively) with 4 8 4 0 % inhibition by mmannose and a-methyl mannoside ( p < 0.01) and 20-28% inhibition by L-fucose ( p c 0.05), but no significant inhibition by other carbohydrates. Analysis of variance and polynomial regression showed that postnatal age significantly affected the adherence to ileal and colonic cells. Adherence during the 1st wk of life was 13-19% of that in the adult animal; it increased gradually, reaching the adult level at about 4 wk of age. Our study shows that postnatal age affects the adherence of EHEC to intestinal cells. These findings are compatible with postnatal development of gut receptors and may be relevant to the age-related risk of EHEC disease in children. (Pediatr Res 29: 14-19, 1991) Abbreviations EHEC, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli HUS, hemolytic uremic syndrome SLT, Shiga-like toxin Cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli have been recently recognized as a cause of nonbloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic colitis

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Diarrhelil Due to Escherichia coli O157:H7 in the Infant Rabbit

Cited by 38 publications

References 0 publications

Protective Effect ofLactobacillus caseiStrain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits

Protective Effect ofLactobacillus caseiStrain Shirota on Shiga Toxin-ProducingEscherichia coliO157:H7 Infection in Infant Rabbits

Animal Models of EnterohemorrhagicEscherichia coliInfection

The Effect of Postnatal Age on the Adherence of Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli to Rabbit Intestinal Cells

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