Diarrhoea in Kwashiorkor

Wharton, B A; Howells, G.R.; Phillips, Ian

doi:10.1136/bmj.4.5631.608

“…However, Wheatley had restricted his cases to diarrhoea associated with vomiting. Very few of the recorded cases of diarrhoea in this study could be attributed to malnutrition as described elsewhere (James, 1968;Wharton, Howells, and Phillips, 1968;Chandra, Pawa, and Ghai, 1968). Only one patient in this study suffered from malnutrition severely enough to be admitted to hospital.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

50. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica

Grantham‐McGregor¹,

Back²

1971

Nursing Research

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grantham-McGregor, S. M., and Back, E. H. (1970). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 45, 404. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica. A longitudinal study was carried out on 300 Kingston infants born at the University Hospital of the West Indies. The method of milk feeding and the reasons given by the mothers for beginning bottle feeding were recorded. Other factors influencing the incidence of breast feeding were examined. Complementing in hospital, maternal employment, improving socio-economic status, advertising, and general misinformation were considered important. A higher incidence of gastro-enteritis was found in the first 4 months of life among partly or wholly bottle-fed babies than among breast-fed babies. Weight increments were calculated for the first 3 months of life. A higher proportion of infants with increments in the lowest 25% were bottle fed than those infants with increments in the remaining 75%o.

show abstract

“…However, Wheatley had restricted his cases to diarrhoea associated with vomiting. Very few of the recorded cases of diarrhoea in this study could be attributed to malnutrition as described elsewhere (James, 1968;Wharton, Howells, and Phillips, 1968;Chandra, Pawa, and Ghai, 1968). Only one patient in this study suffered from malnutrition severely enough to be admitted to hospital.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 48%

Breast Feeding in Kingston, Jamaica

Grantham‐McGregor¹,

Back²

1970

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Grantham-McGregor, S. M., and Back, E. H. (1970). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 45, 404. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica. A longitudinal study was carried out on 300 Kingston infants born at the University Hospital of the West Indies. The method of milk feeding and the reasons given by the mothers for beginning bottle feeding were recorded. Other factors influencing the incidence of breast feeding were examined. Complementing in hospital, maternal employment, improving socio-economic status, advertising, and general misinformation were considered important. A higher incidence of gastro-enteritis was found in the first 4 months of life among partly or wholly bottle-fed babies than among breast-fed babies. Weight increments were calculated for the first 3 months of life. A higher proportion of infants with increments in the lowest 25% were bottle fed than those infants with increments in the remaining 75%o.

show abstract

“…These faecal measurements have been found in practice to be useful in controlling the dietary intake of carbohydrate in some malnourished children (Wharton, Howells, and Phillips, 1968;Chandra, Pawa, and Ghai, 1968), though other experience has shown that sugar malabsorption may be associated with very variable amounts of sugar in the faeces and with inconsistent pH changes (Torres-Pinedo et al, 1966;Holzel, 1967). Faecal pH and reducing sugar measurements were not made by the author after preliminary investigations showed inconsistent results, particularly in pH measurements.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Three Methods Used in Assessment of Carbohydrate Absorption in Malnourished Children

James¹

1972

Archives of Disease in Childhood

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

James, W. P. T. (1972). Archives of Disease in Childhood, 47, 531. Comparison of three methods used in assessment of carbohydrate absorption in malnourished children. The results of oral lactose and sucrose tolerance tests were compared with jejunal disaccharidase activities and the absorption rates of lactose and sucrose from a perfused segment of jejunum in 8 malnourished children before and after treatment.Treated children, with nearly normal utilization of circulating glucose, showed a good correlation between the oral tolerance test results and the jejunal absorption rates of lactose and sucrose. Malnourished children often showed normal rises in blood glucose despite low disaccharidase activities and poor jejunal absorption rates of glucose, lactose, and sucrose. These rises were considered to reflect poor glucose uptake by peripheral tissues rather than adequate absorption of sugars from the distal small intestine.Jejunal absorption of lactose and sucrose was only limited by the disaccharidase activities when these were very low; the rate of disaccharide absorption was usually closely related to the rate of glucose absorption, despite a wide range in disaccharidase activities.Several tests have been used in children and adults in an attempt to establish whether patients are able to hydrolyse and absorb the different forms of carbohydrate in the diet.The 3 clinical methods at present available are the oral tolerance test, the direct measurement on jejunal mucosa of carbohydrase activities, and observations on the faecal pH and output of water and sugar. Other methods, including hydrogen excretion measurements of the breath, and intubation studies of the small intestine for sampling after feeds or perfusion of the jejunum, are at present used only as research tools.Diarrhoea is a more prominent feature of carbohydrate intolerance in children than in adults.This difference presumably reflects the importance of the adult colon in reducing the loss of water (Dawson, 1970). Colonic bacterial fermentation, with the production of organic anions from unabsorbed sugar, will also affect the amount of carbohydrate and water in the stool, and this fermentation process may differ in children and adults. In children the severity of the diarrhoea and measure-

show abstract

Diarrhoea in Kwashiorkor

Cited by 39 publications

References 9 publications

50. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica

50. Breast feeding in Kingston, Jamaica

Breast Feeding in Kingston, Jamaica

Comparison of Three Methods Used in Assessment of Carbohydrate Absorption in Malnourished Children

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About