Diarrhoeal Disease in Relation to Childhood Malnutrition and Its Impact on Socio-economic Condition in Emerging Countries Like Bangladesh

Alia, Reema Afroza; Sadia, Nayeema; Shammy, Nazma Parvin; Tithy, Ferdous Ara; Shelim, Rumana; Parvin., Rukhsana

doi:10.26502/jppch.74050120

Cited by 3 publications

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“…A third of all children under five are stunted in developing or emerging countries, where child malnutrition has decreased overall but still poses a severe public health concern; 70% of these children reside in South Asia [13] . Pakistan's stunting rates dropped from 47% in 1980 to 33% in 2000.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary habits and physical activity patterns in relation to nutritional status among school-aged children in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Qureshi,

Iqbal,

Rafiq

et al. 2023

AIMSPH

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<abstract><sec> <title>Background</title> Childhood malnutrition remains a significant public health problem impacting the physical and mental growth if school aged children, particularly in limited-resource countries. </sec><sec> <title>Objective</title> The study objective was to assess levels of physical activity, patterns of screen time (S.T.), the relationship between physical activity and screen time patterns, and how these factors affect growth status (adjusting for socioeconomic status). </sec><sec> <title>Methodology</title> A cross-sectional study included 3,834 children between 6–14 years attending pre-selected schools. Teachers, students, and parents were invited to fill out a standardized questionnaire, and Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated using Center for disease control (CDC) centile charts. A Chi-square was performed to see the possible association between any height and weight abnormalities and all possible risk factors. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to see the effect of variables significantly associated with univariate analysis. </sec><sec> <title>Results</title> Approximately 2,447 (63.8%) children were between 11–14 years old and 1,387 (36.2%) were between 4–10 years old. The mean height was 143.71 ± 16.51 centimetres, the mean weight was 36.5 ± 12.9 kilogram, and the mean BMI was 17.16 ± 3.52. Multivariate logistic regression status and junk food combined affected stunting socioeconomic status was significantly associated with being underweight <italic>p</italic> = 0.001. </sec><sec> <title>Conclusion</title> Childhood obesity and stunting remain significant problems in Pakistani school-going children. These are significantly associated with poverty, a lack of physical activity opportunities, and available food quality. </sec></abstract>

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary habits and physical activity patterns in relation to nutritional status among school-aged children in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Qureshi,

Iqbal,

Rafiq

et al. 2023

AIMSPH

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“…Pathogenic strains of E. coli are transmitted to the host in different ways, cause serious digestive diseases in humans, especially children, easily penetrate the human food chain, exist in contaminated water, and can be transmitted through the fecal-oral route (9,11,15). DEC is one of the major enteric pathogens that cause diarrhea in children in developing countries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…DEC strains are defined in 5 main subgroups according to their pathogenic characteristics: (a) Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) is the main cause of traveler's diarrhea and also causes diarrhea in malnourished infants. ETEC strains increase fluid and electrolyte excretion by producing heatlabile and heat-stable toxins (8,9). (b) Enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) are closely related to Shigella species in terms of biochemical, genetic, and pathogenicity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes Among Children under 5 Years in Khuzestan, Iran

Tatar,

Rezatofighi,

Akhoond

2023

Avicenna J Clin Microbiol Infect

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Background: Diarrhea is a life-threatening cause of high mortality, especially among children living in areas with poor sanitation. Enterobacteriaceae is one of the serious causes of bacterial diarrhea in children and adults. In this family, infection with diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) pathotypes in children is associated with extensive health risks and is of particular importance. In this study, we compared the distribution of pathotypes, epidemiological patterns, and antibiotic resistance of DEC in two diarrheal and non-diarrheal groups among children less than 5 years. Methods: In this study, 303 stool samples were collected from patients admitted to Golestan hospitals in Ahvaz and Dr. Ganjavian in Dezful, Khuzestan. To this end, 201 samples from children with diarrhea (case group) and 102 samples from healthy children (control group) were examined. DEC was characterized by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for each stool sample, and DEC isolates were tested with antibiotic resistance tests against different antibiotic agents to identify the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains in both groups. Results: DEC was found in 24% (48 out of 200) of the children with diarrhea and 3.8% (4 out of 103) of the healthy children. Enteroaggregative E. coli (EAEC) was the DEC most frequently associated with diarrhea (32 out of 48, 66.6%), which was followed by enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) 22.9% (11 out of 48, 22.9%), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) (5 out of 48, 10.4%) from children with diarrhea. Four DEC isolates were identified in healthy children: EAEC (2 out of 4, 50%) and EPEC (2 out of 4, 50%) in the healthy group, but no enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC) or enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) strains were found in both groups in this study group. In general, DEC isolates exhibited high resistance to ceftriaxone and cefotaxime, and 33 (63.4%) isolates of DEC were MDR. Conclusion: A high prevalence of DEC strains was observed in the group of children with diarrhea and healthy children. Accordingly, further attention should be paid to continuous monitoring of the prevalence and pattern of antibiotic resistance of diarrheal bacterial isolates among children and the whole community.

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“…While Campylobacter, E. coli, non-typhoidal Salmonella, and Shigella are some of the most frequent bacteria that cause diarrhea. On the other side, Cryptosporidium, Entamoeba histolytica, and Giardia lamblia are all common parasite causes of diarrhoeal diseases [21]. Opportunistic pathogens are also numerous in the environment, and the most important opportunistic pathogen is Pseudomonas aeruginosa [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Opportunistic pathogens are also numerous in the environment, and the most important opportunistic pathogen is Pseudomonas aeruginosa [22]. Besides the contamination by bacteria, viruses, and parasites, in children under the age of five, malnutrition is one of the leading causes of illness and death [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nursing Management of Dehydrated Children Under Five Years Due to Acute Diarrhea in Kinshasa, DR Congo

Tshiama,

Nsutier,

Mbadiko

et al. 2024

Arch Pharm Pract

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Diarrheal diseases remain the second leading cause of death among children under five years globally. The main purpose of the current is to describe the management level of children under five suffering from diarrhea with acute dehydration at the Akram Hospital in Kinshasa. This is an exploratory descriptive research, which was conducted at Akram Hospital, Kinshasa, DRC. The target population was nurses and we interviewed 12 nurses. A questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The actions taken by nurses with children under five and consequently promote the quality of care of those children were observed. Descriptive statistics was used in terms of frequency and percentage. An informed consent was taken from respondents and we assured the confidentiality of respondents. The findings showed a predominance of female nurses and most are married. As to care elements, 83% of respondents use rehydration with ORS and administer infusions under Plan C. 92% of respondents treated the cause of dehydration while 33% provided personal hygiene. For monitoring elements, 92% are under frequent monitoring of stools and vomiting, For the health education elements, 75% advised the mother to give the baby at least one liter of drinking water regularly, and 83% advised the mother to give sufficient ORS. While 50% of respondents advised the mother to maintain regular handwashing. Diarrheal diseases are a major public health problem in Kinshasa, affecting mostly young children. Malnutrition remains the condition most frequently associated with diarrhea, and its prognosis is poor.

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Diarrhoeal Disease in Relation to Childhood Malnutrition and Its Impact on Socio-economic Condition in Emerging Countries Like Bangladesh

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Dietary habits and physical activity patterns in relation to nutritional status among school-aged children in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Dietary habits and physical activity patterns in relation to nutritional status among school-aged children in Pakistan: A cross-sectional study

Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli Pathotypes Among Children under 5 Years in Khuzestan, Iran

Nursing Management of Dehydrated Children Under Five Years Due to Acute Diarrhea in Kinshasa, DR Congo

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