Diarrhoeal disease knowledge among diarrhoea patient housholds: findings from the randomised controlled trial of the Cholera‐Hospital‐Based‐Intervention‐for‐7‐days (CHoBI7) mobile health program

Williams

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

Compared to the general public, household members of cholera patients are at a 100 times higher risk of contracting cholera during the 7-day high-risk period after a cholera patient has been admitted to a health facility for treatment. The Preventative-Intervention-for-Cholera-for-7-days (PICHA7) program aims to reduce household transmission of cholera during this 7-day high-risk period through a health facility-initiated water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) program promoting handwashing with soap, water treatment, and safe water storage. The PICHA7 program is delivered to cholera patient households through: (1) a pictorial flipbook delivered by a health promoter; (2) a cholera prevention package (handwashing station, drinking water vessel with lid and tap, and chlorine tablets); and (3) weekly WASH mobile messages sent to patient households in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The objectives of this study were to conduct formative research to identify facilitators and barriers of the promoted WASH behaviors for cholera patient households and to tailor the PICHA7 program to target these facilitators and barriers. Formative research included 93 semi-structured interviews with diarrhea patient households and healthcare workers during exploratory research and a pilot study of 518 participants. Barriers to the promoted WASH behaviors identified during exploratory and pilot study interviews included: (1) low awareness of cholera transmission and prevention; (2) unaffordability of soap for handwashing; and (3) intermittent access to water limiting water for handwashing. For intervention development, narratives of the lived experiences of patient households in our study were presented by health promoters to describe cholera transmission and prevention, and soapy water and ash were promoted in the program flipbook and mobile messages to address the affordability of soap for handwashing. A jerry can was provided to allow for additional water storage, and a tap with a slower flow rate was attached to the handwashing station to reduce the amount of water required for handwashing. The pilot findings indicate that the PICHA7 program has high user acceptability and is feasible to deliver to cholera patients that present at health facilities for treatment in our study setting. Formative research allowed for tailoring this targeted WASH program for cholera patient households in the DRC.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Formative Research for the Development of Evidence-Based Targeted Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Interventions to Reduce Cholera in Hotspots in the Democratic Republic of the Congo: Preventative Intervention for Cholera for 7 Days (PICHA7) Program

Williams

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

“…44 A second cohort study in this population assessed the association between soil-and object-to-mouth contacts and diarrhea prevalence for children under 5 years of age, and found that the odds of having a diarrhea episode in the subsequent month were significantly higher for children with caregiver reports of mouthing feces within the past week. 16 Additional publications document the CHoBI7 mHealth program effect on handwashing with soap while in the hospital, 45 diarrheal disease knowledge, 46 process evaluation for CHoBI7 mobile health program delivery, 47 and recent formative research to develop a CHoBI7 Baby WASH mHealth program targeting safe child feces disposal, improved food hygiene, and safe child mouthing practices. 48 This prospective cohort study, also nested within the recent CHoBI7 mHealth program RCT, adds to this body of literature by investigating the environmental and individual-level risk factors for diarrheal disease among children under 5 years of age residing in slum areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal Contamination on the Household Compound and in Water Sources are Associated with Subsequent Diarrhea in Young Children in Urban Bangladesh (CHoBI7 Program)

Parvin

Thomas

Bhuyian

et al. 2021

Self Cite

We investigated the environmental and individual-level risk factors for diarrheal disease among young children in slum areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. A prospective cohort study was conducted among 884 children under 5 years of age. Caregiver reports were collected on sociodemographic factors and hygiene behaviors. Diarrhea surveillance data was collected monthly based on caregiver-reported diarrhea for children in the past 2 weeks during the 12-month study period. Unannounced spot checks of the household compound were performed at 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after enrollment to check for the presence of feces (animal or human) and the presence of animals in the child’s sleeping space, to assess child and caregiver hands for the presence of dirt, and to collect samples of the household’s source and stored drinking water. Children with feces found on the household compound during spot checks had a significantly higher odds of diarrhea (odds ratio: 1.71; 95% confidence interval: 1.23–2.38). Children residing in households with > 100 colony forming units/100 mL Escherichia coli in source drinking water had a significantly higher odds of diarrhea (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.06–1.92). The presence of feces on the household compound and source drinking water with > 100 colony forming units/100 mL E. coli were significant risk factors for diarrheal disease for children < 5 years of age in slum areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. These findings demonstrate the urgent need for comprehensive interventions to reduce fecal contamination on the household compound to protect the health of susceptible pediatric populations.

“…One group either examined the signi cance of using this service (S. R. Chowdhury et al, 2020;Kadir, 2020) or assessed how people's perceptions of telehealth use differ from one another (Rahman et al, 2020;Zobair et al, 2020). The effectiveness of telehealth services in improving knowledge and behaviors in particular illnesses/speci c conditions, such as maternal and newborn healthcare (M. E. Chowdhury et al, 2019), hypertension (Jahan et al, 2020), diarrhea (Masud et al, 2020), and diabetes (Morrison et al, 2021) was discussed by the second group of researchers. To our knowledge, however, no previous study has been discussed about comparing knowledge between utilized and unutilized adult individuals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge Comparison amongst Telehealth Service Utilized and Unutilized Adults in Bangladesh

Akter,

Hossain

et al. 2024

Preprint

Background: Telehealth is the remote delivery of health care using various communication tools. This study compared telehealth knowledge among adults who utilized and did not utilize telehealth services and explored factors associated with knowledge. The cross-sectional study includes 1252 participants. The outcome of the study was knowledge of telehealth. The predictors of the study were sociodemographic information and participants' perceived health status were also collected. Bivariate logistic regression models are used to analyze the adjusted relationship between outcome and variables. Results: Age, marital status, educational level, student status, and perceived health status all significantly impacted telehealth knowledge among those who did not use the service. Among the utilized group, we found age, marital status, and perceived health status were significantly associated with good knowledge. Conclusions: This study emphasizes the importance of continued initiatives to improve telehealth knowledge among both those who utilize the service and those who do not, considering variations in demographics and other factors.