Diatomite — siliceous material for the glass industry

Manevich, V. E.; Subbotin, R. K.; Никифоров, Е. А.; Senik, N. A.; Мешков, А В

doi:10.1007/s10717-012-9438-9

Cited by 24 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…About 80% of the total losses associated with the removal of adsorption water and burnup of organic impurities occur below 400°C. Diatomite from the Inzenskoe deposit in Ul'yanovsk Oblast' undergoes similar mass changes on heating [17].…”

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confidence: 94%

Diatomites in Granular Foam-Glass Technology

2014

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The present status of research on the production of foam-glass from siliceous rock by the one-step scheme is examined. The main technological principles of the experimental production of granular foam-glass based on diatomites are formulated. The production process is described and the main properties of the 5 -10 mm fraction as compared with the normative requirements are presented.The simplification and cost reduction of the technology of granular foam-glass, which is an environmentally clean material in high demand, are problems of current interest [1 -5]. The trends in this field consist of the following.The process of obtaining foam-glass in the form of granules is the most easily implementable technology for producing foam-glass in the form of a building product ready for use.In the heat-treatment process the cross section of a granule is subject to smaller temperature gradients than foamglass blocks, which simplifies the foaming and annealing processes. A tunnel furnace many meters long and a stock of special molds are not required. Granular foam-glass has a wide range of applications, starting from heat-insulation fills and fillers in light concretes to thermal stabilization of the foundations of engineered structures. It is especially important to obtain fine granular foam-glass for developing new materials in order to impart special properties to them.

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confidence: 94%

Diatomites in Granular Foam-Glass Technology

2014

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“…In the same way, the reactive CaO has reacted almost in its entirety, as can be seen when compared with the original content of the total CaO. The contents of Al 2 O 3 , MgO, and Fe 2 O 3 are low and confirm that it is a typical diatomite; however, the average content of these compounds calculated for 15 different deposits in the Russian Federation [ 34 ] shows considerably high values for Al 2 O 3 (6.05%) and Fe 2 O 3 (2.56%) in these deposits, with MgO values (0.84%) being slightly comparable with those calculated in this research ( Table 2 and Table 6 ). The high humidity value (13.90%) is indicative of the high absorption capacity of the sample, comparable to the work of Aksakal et al [ 35 ]; this fact, together with the value calculated for the LOI (7.42%), establishes that the diatomite studied has evident properties as an ion exchanger [ 36 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

Diatomites from the Iberian Peninsula as Pozzolans

Costafreda

Martín

Astudillo³

et al. 2023

Materials

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The object of this work is to study and characterize diatomites from the southeast of the Iberian Peninsula to establish their character and quality as natural pozzolans. This research carried out a morphological and chemical characterization study of the samples using SEM and XRF. Subsequently, the physical properties of the samples were determined, including thermic treatment, Blaine particle finesse, real density and apparent density, porosity, volume stability, and the initial and final setting times. Finally, a detailed study was conducted to establish the technical properties of the samples through chemical analysis of technological quality, chemical analysis of pozzolanicity, mechanical compressive strength tests at 7, 28, and 90 days, and a non-destructive ultrasonic pulse test. The results using SEM and XRF show that the samples are composed entirely of colonies of diatoms whose bodies are formed by silica between 83.8 and 89.99% and CaO between 5.2 and 5.8%. Likewise, this indicates a remarkable reactivity of the SiO2 present in both natural diatomite (~99.4%) and calcined diatomite (~99.2%), respectively. Sulfates and chlorides are absent, while the insoluble residue portion for natural diatomite is 1.54% and 1.92% for calcined diatomite, values comparatively lower than the standardized 3%. On the other hand, the results of the chemical analysis of pozzolanicity show that the samples studied behave efficiently as natural pozzolans, both in a natural and calcined state. The mechanical tests establish that the mechanical strength of the mixed Portland cement and natural diatomite specimens (52.5 MPa) with 10% PC substitution exceeds the reference specimen (51.9 MPa) after 28 days of curing. In the case of the specimens made with Portland cement and calcined diatomite (10%), the compressive strength values increase even more and exceed the reference specimen at both 28 days (54 MPa) and 90 days (64.5 MPa) of curing. The results obtained in this research confirm that the diatomites studied are pozzolanic, which is of vital importance because they could be used to improve cements, mortars, and concrete, which translates to a positive advantage in the care of the environment.

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“…In the A-DE sample, the mineral composition was mainly square quartz transformed by hightemperature calcination of cristobalite with no other impurities. 27 Kaolinite in the N-DE sample was dehydroxylated and transformed into meta-kaolinite during calcination and then pyrolyzed into the quartz phase. When the temperature increased to 1200 °C, it led to mullite formation and the pyrolysis of cristobalite.…”

Section: Diatomite Samples Characteristics and Adsorption Properties ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption Properties of Diatomite Minerals on Glyceryl Monostearate for Antifogging of the Plastic Film

Zha,

Zhang,

Ren

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

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Adding an appropriate amount and the stable precipitation of surfactant on the inner surface of agricultural plastic greenhouse films can prevent the formation of water droplets on the inner surface of the film to reduce its harmful effects in the process of plant cultivation and production. In this work, for the stable precipitation of the surfactant glycerol monostearate, diatomite minerals from three origins in China were compared through structural analysis and adsorption performance. The effects of acid treatments and alkali treatments on the mineral structure were studied, and the adsorption mechanism of glycerol monostearate was further investigated. The results show that the structural characteristics of Jilin diatomite are more suitable as adsorbents for glyceryl monostearate adsorption. Because diatomite is resistant to acids but not alkalis, when diatomite is treated with an alkali, impurities on its surface can be removed and the hydroxyl group and specific surface area can be greatly increased. The adsorption capacity of glycerol stearate was increased to 218.4 mg/g, or 32.08%, over its pretreatment level. The results show that this is mainly the result of physical adsorption caused by van der Waals force imbalance and chemisorption caused by a small number of hydrogen bonds. In addition, the dripping performance of this composite dripping film with mineral diatomite was better than that of the commercial dripping film, which provided a theoretical basis for efficient mineral slow-release drip irrigation composite film.

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Diatomite — siliceous material for the glass industry

Cited by 24 publications

References 0 publications

Diatomites in Granular Foam-Glass Technology

Diatomites in Granular Foam-Glass Technology

Diatomites from the Iberian Peninsula as Pozzolans

Adsorption Properties of Diatomite Minerals on Glyceryl Monostearate for Antifogging of the Plastic Film

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