Diatoms

Battarbee, Richard W.; Jones, Vivienne J.; Flower, Roger J.; Cameron, NG; Bennion, H; Carvalho, Laurence; Juggins, Steve

doi:10.1007/0-306-47668-1_8

Cited by 400 publications

(381 citation statements)

References 152 publications

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“…Freeze-dried and weighed samples were prepared using HCl and H 2 O 2 digestions of the organic and carbonate sediment matrix (Battarbee et al, 2001) with a quantitative microsphere spike to enable calculation of valve concentrations. At least 400 valves mounted in Ò Naphrax resin were counted at magnification 91,000 and identified with reference to Krammer & LangeBertalot (1986 and Spaulding et al (2010).…”

Section: Diatom Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling natural and anthropogenic drivers of changes in a shallow lake using palaeolimnology and historical archives

et al. 2015

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Shallow lakes are susceptible to catastrophic regime shifts characterised by the presence or absence or macrophytes. However, the long-term controls on macrophyte succession in shallow lakes are incompletely understood. To investigate this, we analysed multiple sediment proxies in Lake Rotcze (Eastern Poland), a small, shallow and densely macrophyte-covered lake to (1) reconstruct the 'reference conditions' (sensu WFD) and development of the lake in recent centuries, (2) compare historical evidence with the sedimentary record, and (3) identify the natural and anthropogenic drivers of macrophyte succession. Before the twentieth century, conditions in the lake may be referred to as 'reference conditions'. Subsequently forest clearance in the catchment resulted in lower water transparency, but concurrent catchment drainage lowered water levels and increased macrophyte development. Since 1950 elevated nutrient supply and climatically driven increases in water levels led to the deterioration of water transparency and partial macrophyte withdrawal. At the end of the twentieth century lake-level drawdown led to low phytoplankton biomass and clear water creating a novel ecosystem where macrophytes invade the whole lake. These patterns suggest that both natural and anthropogenically induced water level fluctuations have been critical drivers of macrophyte development.

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Section: Diatom Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Disentangling natural and anthropogenic drivers of changes in a shallow lake using palaeolimnology and historical archives

et al. 2015

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“…Isotope measurements were made using a Thermo Delta plus Continuous Flow Isotope Ratio Mass Spectrometer (CF-IRMS). Diatoms were prepared using the methodology outlined in Battarbee et al (2001). Taxonomic identification (>300 valves sample À1 ; 2 cm) mainly followed Krammer andLange-Bertalot (1986-1991).…”

Section: Proxiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anthropocene environmental change in an internationally important oligotrophic catchment on the Atlantic seaboard of western Europe

et al. 2014

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“…It is accepted, however, that aquatic systems have been subjected to anthropogenic impacts over much longer time-scales and, therefore, the ~1850 reference conditions are unlikely to equate to the natural or pristine state. The diatoms in the reference samples were counted using standard techniques (Battarbee et al 2001a) and in all cases a minimum of 300 valves were identified. All diatom data were expressed as percentage relative abundance.…”

Section: The Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, because this study makes use of existing data from previous studies, some of the core tops represent conditions from up to a decade ago. The diatoms were counted using standard techniques (Battarbee et al 2001a) in the same way as for the reference samples. The degree of floristic change between the reference and surface sample was assessed using the squared chord distance (SCD) dissimilarity coefficient (Overpeck et al 1985) computed using R (R Development Core Team 2008) and the analogue package version 0.5-2 (Simpson 2007a, b).…”

Section: Floristic Changementioning

confidence: 99%

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The use of diatom records to establish reference conditions for UK lakes subject to eutrophication

Bennion

Simpson

2010

J Paleolimnol

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A knowledge of pre-disturbance conditions is important for setting realistic restoration targets for lakes. For European waters this is now a requirement of the European Council Water Framework Directive (WFD) where ecological status must be assessed based on the degree to which present day conditions deviate from reference conditions. Here, we employ palaeolimnological techniques, principally inferences of total phosphorus from diatom assemblages (DI-TP) and classification of diatom composition data from the time slice in sediment cores dated to ~1850 AD, to define chemical and ecological reference conditions, respectively, for a range of UK lake types. The DI-TP results from 169 sites indicate that reference TP values for low alkalinity lakes are typically < 10 µg L -1 and in many cases < 5 µg L -1 , whilst those for medium and high alkalinity lakes are in the range 10-30 µg L -1 and 20-40 µg L -1 , respectively. Within the latter two alkalinity types, the deeper waters (> 3 m mean depth) generally had lower reference TP concentrations than the shallow sites. A small group of shallow marl lakes had concentrations of ~30 µg L -1 . Cluster analysis of diatom composition data from 106 lakes where the key pressure of interest was eutrophication identified three clusters, each associated with particular lake types, suggesting that the typology has ecological relevance, although poor cross matching of the diatom groups and the lake typology at type boundaries highlights the value of a site-specific approach to defining reference conditions. Finally the floristic difference between the reference and present day (surface sample) diatom assemblages of each site was estimated using the squared chord distance dissimilarity coefficient.Only 25 of the 106 lakes experienced insignificant change and the findings indicate that eutrophication has impacted all lake types with > 50% of sites exhibiting significant floristic change.The study illustrates the role of the sediment record in determining both chemical and ecological reference conditions, and assessing deviation from the latter. Whilst restoration targets may require modification in the future to account for climate induced alterations, the long temporal perspective offered by palaeolimnology ensures that such changes are assessed against a sound baseline.3

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Diatoms

Cited by 400 publications

References 152 publications

Disentangling natural and anthropogenic drivers of changes in a shallow lake using palaeolimnology and historical archives

Disentangling natural and anthropogenic drivers of changes in a shallow lake using palaeolimnology and historical archives

Anthropocene environmental change in an internationally important oligotrophic catchment on the Atlantic seaboard of western Europe

The use of diatom records to establish reference conditions for UK lakes subject to eutrophication

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