Diazinon resistance in Lucilia cuprina; mapping of a fitness modifier

McKenzie, John A.; Game, Anne Y.

doi:10.1038/hdy.1987.145

Cited by 40 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…There could be much variation in disadvantageous effects among resistance factors, and indeed, there are variations in fitness costs among resistance factors for organophosphate insecticides in the mosquito Culex pipiens L., from no effect to severe levels (Chevillon et al, 1997;Guillemaud et al, 1998;Berticat et al, 2002). Furthermore, the existence of fitness modifiers of resistant genotypes for an organophosphate, diazinon was demonstrated in the Australian sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann) (McKenzie et al, 1982;McKenzie and Purvis, 1984;McKenzie and Game, 1987).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

2003

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To investigate the genetic basis of the seasonal fluctuations in resistance to three organophosphates, observed within a natural population of Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen), we compared the intrinsic rate of increase, generation time and net reproduction rate among chromosome substitution lines derived from a resistant and a susceptible line, obtained from this natural population. There was significant variation among substituted lines; lines possessing the third chromosome from the resistant line, which confers resistance to the three organophosphates, generally showed lower mean values of these fitness measures. Chromosomal analyses also indicated significant negative contributions of the third chromosome from the resistant line. However, significant positive contributions of the interactions among chromosomes from the resistant line to these fitness measures were also detected. We further conducted a local stability analysis, in which each chromosome-substituted line was assumed to be introduced at a low frequency into the initial susceptible population. It was demonstrated that the resistance factor(s) on the third chromosome tend to decrease in their frequency under both density-independent and juvenile density-regulated conditions. Based on these results, a possible explanation for the seasonal fluctuations in resistance to the three organophosphates observed in the natural population was proposed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

2003

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“…However, if the genetic background was replaced by repeated backcrossing to a susceptible wild type, decreased fitness of resistant genotypes was observed; therefore, the genetic background modified the fitness of resistant genotypes (McKenzie and Purvis, 1984). In fact, the fitness modifier was mapped to the w locus region of chromosome III, unlinked to the diazinon resistance locus on chromosome IV (McKenzie and Purvis, 1984;McKenzie and Game, 1987).…”

Section: Maintenance Of Genetic Variation In Susceptibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides within natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Empirical observations of fitness costs of insecticide resistance.

2000

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To investigate genetic variation and seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides, natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster were collected from Katsunuma in mid summer and late fall for two consecutive years. After isofemale lines of each population collected in each season had been established in a laboratory, the susceptibility of each line to five insecticides, including permethrin, malathion, prothiophos, fenitrothion, and DDT, was examined. Lines of each population exhibited the broad ranges of variation in susceptibility to all chemicals. Comparison between populations in different seasons indicated that genetic variation in susceptibility to organophosphates fluctuated in consistency with the population size, in which the susceptibility increased in fall. In addition, highly significant correlations were observed among responses to organophosphates, and the correlations also fluctuated with seasons. On the other hand, genetic variation in susceptibility to permethrin and DDT was less fluctuated. These results suggest that not only a common resistance factor for organophosphate resistance but also different resistance factor(s) for each insecticide could be involved within a natural population, and that the fluctuation observed in the susceptibility to organophosphates could be associated with fitness costs of organophosphate resistance factor(s).

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“…These strains share a common genetic background (McKenzie & Yen 1995). The strains of the diazinon resistance system were doubly homozygous for modi¢er (M)/non-modi¢er and diazinon-resistant/susceptible alleles (M/M; Rop1/Rop1, +/+; Rop1/Rop1, M/M; +/+, +/+; +/+) (McKenzie & Game 1987). Appropriate crosses were conducted within a resistance system to produce larvae of the three dieldrin-resistance and the nine M and Rop 1 genotypes.…”

Section: M At E R I a L S A N D M Et Hod S (A) Strainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The dominant asymmetry score of diazinon-resistant phenotypes is reduced to that of susceptibles by a dominant ¢tness/asymmetry-modi¢er gene on chromosome III (McKenzie & Game 1987;McKenzie & Clarke 1988). The score is environmentally independent for unmodi¢ed resistant phenotypes, but modi¢ed genotypes and unmodi¢ed susceptibles (at the Rop1 locus) are in£uenced by developmental temperature, larval density or concentration of diazinon in the larval medium (Freebairn et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and asymmetry during arrested development of the Australian sheep blowfly

McKenzie

1997

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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The dieldrin and diazinon resistance systems of the Australian sheep blow£y (Lucilia cuprina) have been used previously to relate stress, departures from bilateral symmetry, developmental stability and relative ¢tness. These systems are now used to consider stress and asymmetry in a developmental context. Larval to adult development is shown to be signi¢cantly impaired after arrested development at 8 8C, however the asymmetry score of adults of a given genotype is similar after arrested or continuous development. Selection against dieldrin-resistant and unmodi¢ed diazinon-resistant genotypes occurs during arrested development because greater proportions of these genotypes pupate at 8 8C than do susceptible or modi¢ed diazinon-resistant genotypes. Pre-pupae of all genotypes complete development equally successfully when transferred from 8 8C to 27 8C. Adults fail to emerge when pupae formed at 8 8C undergo this temperature transition. Temperature-shift experiments show the asymmetry score is determined between pre-pupal and pupal stages of the life cycle. This stage occurs at 27 8C in arrested and continuously developing cultures providing an explanation for the independence of stress, selective mortality during developmental arrest and asymmetry score. The results emphasize the need for genetic, environmental and developmental data before an asymmetry phenotype can be directly related to developmental stability and relative ¢tness.

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Diazinon resistance in Lucilia cuprina; mapping of a fitness modifier

Cited by 40 publications

References 22 publications

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

The comparison of intrinsic rates of increase among chromosome-substituted lines resistant and susceptible to organophosphate insecticides in Drosophila melanogaster.

Seasonal fluctuation in susceptibility to insecticides within natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster. Empirical observations of fitness costs of insecticide resistance.

Stress and asymmetry during arrested development of the Australian sheep blowfly

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