2023
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45851-4
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Dicationic ionic liquids (DILs) as rapid esterification catalyst of butyric fatty acid

Raghda. A. El-Nagar

Abstract: In the presented work, a series of asymmetric dicationic ionic liquids (ADILs) with different alkyl chain length spacer between the two cation nuclei (imidazolium and pyridinium) with chlorine halide anion was designed, synthesized with excellent yield (89, 90 and 88%) and well characterized via different tools of analysis (FT-IR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and thermal gravimetric analysis; TGA). The synthesized ADILs were examined for potential esterification as recyclable catalysts including the activity of cata… Show more

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Cited by 4 publications
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“…ILs were shown to have high onset temperatures, which may indicate that they are resistant to thermal degradation. Figure 3 illustrated that IL-1MPyrBr, IL-1MPipBr, IL-2MPyBr, IL-3MPyBr, IL-4MPyBr are thermally stable and firstly decomposed between 198 and 288 °C and finally decomposed up to 400 °C; the endothermal phenomenon was noticed till 100% sample weight loss 28 , 39 , 40 . The position of CH 3 group on the pyridinium ring influence the thermal stability; in case of IL-3MPyBr (meta position), the compound demonstrated greater thermal stability more than IL-4MPyBr and IL-2MPyBr (para and ortho position in order) related to the mesomeric resonance effect, which resist C-bond leakage.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…ILs were shown to have high onset temperatures, which may indicate that they are resistant to thermal degradation. Figure 3 illustrated that IL-1MPyrBr, IL-1MPipBr, IL-2MPyBr, IL-3MPyBr, IL-4MPyBr are thermally stable and firstly decomposed between 198 and 288 °C and finally decomposed up to 400 °C; the endothermal phenomenon was noticed till 100% sample weight loss 28 , 39 , 40 . The position of CH 3 group on the pyridinium ring influence the thermal stability; in case of IL-3MPyBr (meta position), the compound demonstrated greater thermal stability more than IL-4MPyBr and IL-2MPyBr (para and ortho position in order) related to the mesomeric resonance effect, which resist C-bond leakage.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%