Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), DDT metabolites and pregnancy outcomes

Kezios, Katrina; Liu, Xinhua; Cirillo, Piera M.; Cohn, Barbara A.; Kalantzi, Olga‐Ioanna; Wang, Yunzhu; Petreas, Myrto; Park, June-Soo; Factor-Litvak, Pam

doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.10.013

Cited by 70 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…While DDT was used extensively from the 1940s until 1973, it is no longer in commercial use in the US, although it remains in the environment as a legacy contaminant [84]. Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE), a common breakdown product of DDT that may form in the environment or within the body, is often examined alongside DDT as it has been associated with adverse health outcomes in human populations [85,86]. While DDT and DDE both have long half-lives in the environment and the human body, DDE was observed to be the predominant form found in pregnant women participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [87].…”

Section: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Toxic Metals on The Fetal Epigenome

2017

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Exposure to environmental contaminants during pregnancy has been linked to adverse outcomes at birth and later in life. The link between prenatal exposures and latent health outcomes suggests that these exposures may result in long-term epigenetic reprogramming. Toxic metals and endocrine disruptors are two major classes of contaminants that are ubiquitously present in the environment and represent threats to human health. In this review, we present evidence that prenatal exposures to these contaminants result in fetal epigenomic changes, including altered global DNA methylation, gene-specific CpG methylation and microRNA expression. Importantly, these changes may have functional cellular consequences, impacting health outcomes later in life. Therefore, these epigenetic changes represent a critical mechanism that warrants further study.

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Section: Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanementioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Toxic Metals on The Fetal Epigenome

2017

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“…Interestingly, we also found that among smokers, the effect of 4-OH-CB107 on birth weight was opposite of the effect of its primary parent compound PCB118. The opposite effects of PCB118 and 4-OH-CB107 are similar to the effects of DDT, an organochlorine pesticide, where, when analyzed together, the parent compound, p,p′ -DDT, is positively associated with birth weight but the metabolite, p,p′ -DDE, is negatively associated [59]. The associations between PCB118, 4-OH-CB107, and birth weight, however, are distinct in the sense that they are restricted to smokers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs), maternal smoking and size at birth

Kezios

Liu

et al. 2017

Reproductive Toxicology

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In a sample of 442 births from the Child Health and Development Studies cohort, we examined associations between maternal prenatal exposure to hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs) and pregnancy outcomes, and whether associations were mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels and/or modified by maternal smoking. Compared to nonsmokers, smokers had twice the mean concentration of 4-OH-CB107 (p<0.001) and lower levels of its parent compound, PCB118 (p=0.001). Among mothers who smoked, the birth weight of newborns with maternal concentrations of 4-OH-CB107 in the upper quartile was 316 grams lighter (95% confidence interval (CI) 566, 65) compared to those with maternal concentrations in the lowest quartile, after control for PCB118 and other potential confounders. This association was not observed for non-smoking mothers and was not mediated by maternal thyroid hormone levels. Maternal prenatal 4-OH-CB107 levels appear to be influenced by maternal smoking and contribute to lower birth weight among smokers.

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“…Indeed, it is well acknowledged that perinatal exposure to these compounds occurs with influence in birth weight and later health outcomes [98][99][100][101][102][103]. The hormone-like activity of EDCs can disrupt the programming of endocrine signalling pathways that are established during perinatal differentiation, contributing to the development of obesity in adulthood.…”

Section: Endocrine Disruptors and In Utero Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Endocrine Disruptors on Metabolic Dysfunction

Pestana¹,

Sá²,

Correia-Sá³

et al. 2015

TOBIOTJ

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Abdominal obesity appears to be an important component of the metabolic syndrome (MetS), in which along with insulin resistance, hypertension and dyslipidaemia represents an increased risk for developing cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The aetiology of obesity and its comorbidities is multifactorial, but despite the evidence of traditional contributing factors, the role of environmental toxicants with endocrine disrupting activity has been recently highlighted. Indeed, even small concentrations of these endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) have the ability to cause severe health damages. In this revision, we focused our attention on the mechanisms of action and impact of EDCs exposure as a contributor to the present epidemics of obesity and MetS.The "environmental obesogens" hypothesis associates environmental EDCs to the disruption of energy homeostasis, with recent studies demonstrating the ability of these compounds to modulate the adipocyte biology. On the other hand, the distinct distribution pattern observed between two metabolically distinct AT depots (visceral and subcutaneous) and subsequent repercussion in the aggravation of metabolic dysfunction in a context of obesity, provides accumulating evidence to hypothesise that EDCs might have an important "environmental dysmetabolism" effect.However, in addition to adulthood exposure, the perinatal effects are very important, since it may allow a change in the metabolic programming, encouraging the further development of obesity and MetS. Therefore, additional research directed at understanding the nature and action of EDCs will illuminate the connection between health and the environment and the possible effects triggered by these compounds in respect to public health.

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Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), DDT metabolites and pregnancy outcomes

Cited by 70 publications

References 61 publications

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Toxic Metals on The Fetal Epigenome

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Endocrine Disruptors and Toxic Metals on The Fetal Epigenome

Hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyl metabolites (OH-PCBs), maternal smoking and size at birth

The Role of Endocrine Disruptors on Metabolic Dysfunction

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