Dictyobacter vulcani sp. nov., belonging to the class Ktedonobacteria, isolated from soil of the Mt Zao volcano

Abstract

An aerobic, Gram-stain-positive, mesophilic Ktedonobacteria strain, W12T, was isolated from soil of the Mt Zao volcano in Miyagi, Japan. Cells were filamentous, non-motile, and grew at 20–37 °C (optimally at 30 °C), at pH 5.0–7.0 (optimally at pH 6.0) and with <2 % (w/v) NaCl on 10-fold diluted Reasoner’s 2A (R2A) medium. Oval-shaped spores were formed on aerial mycelia. Strain W12T hydrolysed microcrystalline cellulose and xylan very weakly, and used d-glucose as its sole carbon source. The major menaquinone was MK-9, and the major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1 2-OH, iso-C17 : 0, summed feature 9 (10-methyl C16 : 0 and/or iso-C17 : 1ω9c) and anteiso-C17 : 0. Cell-wall sugars were mannose and xylose, and cell-wall amino acids were d-glutamic acid, glycine, l-serine, d-alanine, l-alanine, β-alanine and l-ornithine. Polar lipids were phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol, diphosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified glycolipid and an unidentified phospholipid. Strain W12T has a genome of 7.42 Mb with 49.7 mol% G+C content. Nine copies of 16S rRNA genes with a maximum dissimilarity of 1.02 % and 13 biosynthetic gene clusters mainly coding for peptide products were predicted in the genome. Phylogenetic analysis based on both 16S rRNA gene and whole genome sequences indicated that strain W12T represents a novel species in the genus Dictyobacter . The most closely related Dictyobacter type strain was Dictyobacter alpinus Uno16T, with 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and genomic average nucleotide identity of 98.37 % and 80.00 %, respectively. Herein, we propose the name Dictyobacter vulcani sp. nov. for the type strain W12T (=NBRC 113551T=BCRC 81169T) in the bacterial class Ktedonobacteria .

Reticulibacter mediterranei gen. nov., sp. nov., within the new family Reticulibacteraceae fam. nov., and Ktedonospora formicarum gen. nov., sp. nov., Ktedonobacter robiniae sp. nov., Dictyobacter formicarum sp. nov. and Dictyobacter arantiisoli sp. nov., belonging to the class Ktedonobacteria

“…As summarized in , MK-9(H 2 ) was the major menaquinone in all tested strains (Uno17 T , SOSP1-1 T , -30 T , -9 T , -52 and -85, and 150040 T ), similar to species with valid names in the class Ktedonobacteria . Like most strains in this class [5], the cell walls of the tested strains contained d -glutamic acid, d -alanine, l -alanine, l -serine, l -ornithine, glycine and β-alanine, except for strain SOSP1-9 T in which l -serine was not detected. Interestingly, the sporangia-forming bacterium D.…”

“…The class currently contains two orders: Ktedonobacterales [1] and Thermogemmatisporales [2]. Ktedonobacterales consists of nine species with validly published names: Ktedonobacter racemifer [1] in the family Ktedonobacteraceae [1], Dictyobacter aurantiacus [3], Dictyobacter kobayashii [4], Dictyobacter alpinus [4], Dictyobacter vulcani [5] and Tengunoibacter tsumagoiensis [4] in the family Dictyobacteraceae [4], Ktedonosporobacter rubrisoli [6] in the family Ktedonosporobacteraceae [6], and Thermosporothrix hazakensis [7], Thermosporothrix narukonensis [8] of the family Thermosporotrichaceae [7]. Thermogemmatisporales contains five cultivated species with validly published names: Thermogemmatispora onikobensis [2], Thermogemmatispora foliorum [2], Thermogemmatispora carboxidivorans [9] Thermogemmatispora aurantia [10] and Thermogemmatispora argillosa [10], all from the family Thermogemmatisporaceae [2].…”

Reconstructing genomes of carbon monoxide oxidisers in volcanic deposits including members of the class Ktedonobacteria

“…Most of the complete functions found from the Ktedonobacteria MAGs were also found in three reference genomes: Ktedonobacter racemifer DSM 44963 [51], Thermogemmatispora carboxidivorans PM5, isolated from a geothermal biofilm on Kilauea Volcano, Hawaii (USA) [50] and Dictyobacter volcani W12 [52]. According to our genomic analyses, all of these reference strains possess formate-, H2-, and CO-dehydrogenases as do the MAGs recovered in the present study.…”

“…Several strains from the class Ktedonobacteria have been isolated from different environments (Table S4), but only Dictyobacter vulcani W12 [52] and Thermogemmatispora carboxidivorans PM5 [50] have been isolated from volcanic environments. So far, the class Ktedonobacteria contains only six .…”

Vibrio algicola sp. nov., isolated from the surface of coralline algae

“…Hydrolysis of starch (1 %, w/v), casein (0.5 %, w/v) and Tweens 20, 40, 60 and 80 (1 %, v/v) was determined on TYS agar [30]. The ability to hydrolyse (degrade) sodium alginate [31], chitin [32] and xylan [33] was also tested on TYS agar containing 0.5 % (w/v) corresponding substrates. DNase activity was tested on DNase test agar (Oxoid) prepared with ASW.…”