Did the Intergenerational Solidarity Pact increase the employment rate of older workers in Belgium? A macro-econometric evaluation

Dejemeppe, Muriel; Smith, Catherine B.; Linden, Bruno Van der

doi:10.1186/s40173-015-0040-y

Cited by 10 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Changes to social security systems clearly induced prolonged labor force participation in recent decades, but they could not explain all recent increases in LFP/ERA. Studies that assessed increases in LFP in terms of changes to social security systems explained, at best, half of the increases [28], though most attributed 30% to 40% of the increases to such changes [15,19,20,29]. Four studies investigated the effect of factors not related to social security systems on increases in LFP/ERA.…”

Section: Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

et al. 2020

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Ages of labor market exit have increased steadily since the late 1990s in OECD countries, but with continuing population aging, there are calls for further stimulation of labor force participation at older ages. Social scientists have extensively studied causes of variation in retirement timing between individuals and across countries, but have paid less attention to causes of variation over time. This study systematically reviews evidence of causes of increases in ages of labor market exit over the past 30 years in OECD countries. Two goals are pursued: first, to provide an overview of the retirement domains that have been subject to investigation; second to compare studies with respect to the magnitude of change in retirement behavior that they attributed to different causes, in different contexts. Nineteen studies were reviewed. Available evidence articulates itself around four domains: intercohort changes in labor force participation of women (3 studies), educational attainment (3 studies) and lifetime wealth (1 study), and changes to social security systems (16 studies). Determinants in all domains explain a significant amount of past increases in ages of labor market exit, though figures attributable to similar determinants vary between studies and across countries. Evidence suggests that further postponement of labor market exit may depend on further increases to normal retirement ages and more limited access to early retirement programs, but also on further increases in educational attainment and the continued integration of women in the labor market. However, a large share of the past increases in ages of labor market exit remains unexplained; therefore, other factors such as those related to work and organizational characteristics deserve further research.

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Section: Authormentioning

confidence: 99%

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

et al. 2020

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“…However, looking at the trends over the selected period, one observes a significant decrease in both unemployment exempted from job search and unemployment benefits with income supplement, while the number of people benefiting from a time-credit scheme increased. These recent trends confirm that public policies aim at discouraging early retirement while encouraging working-time reductions at the end of the career (Dejemeppe et al , 2015). However, one should remain cautious about this assertion as it has been shown that ‘participation in [a time-credit scheme] initially prolongs the time spent in employment (during the first two years for men and four years for women), but subsequently it accelerates the exit to early retirement’ (Albanese et al , 2015: 41).…”

Section: Contextual Background: From Early Retirement To Time Creditmentioning

confidence: 53%

Assessing the impact of partial early retirement on self-perceived health, depression level and quality of life in Belgium: a longitudinal perspective using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)

Wels

2018

Ageing and Society

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For about 20 years, Belgium has successfully implemented working-time reduction policies for the older workforce. However, the impact of such policies on health has not been explored yet. Using longitudinal data from Waves 5 and 6 of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) (N = 1,498), the paper assesses whether working-time reduction in late career is associated with a change in self-perceived health, depression (EURO-D) and quality of life (CASP-12). For that purpose, ordered logit and ordinary least squares regressions are performed, using four different models for defining working-time reductions. Results show that people reducing working time with or without additional social benefits tend to have a poorer self-perceived health at follow-up compared with people keeping the same or increasing working time. By comparison, people moving to retirement are more likely to present a better self-perceived health, depression level and quality of life compared to people increasing or keeping the same working-time level. Although, introducing an interaction effect, the paper shows that the change in quality of life for respondents reducing working hours in addition to social benefits tends to be less negative for those who wished to retire early at baseline than for those who did not.

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“…The main policies of this pact «consist in a reduction in employers' social security contributions, several reforms intending to discourage access to early retirement, an easier access to working time reduction with (partial) wage compensation, and a pension bonus» (Dejemeppe et al, 2015, p. 2). Studies have shown in retrospect that these measures have not been very effective (Albanese, Cockx, 2015;Dejemeppe et al, 2015). Dejemeppe et al (2015) in particular conclude that these measures had very little impact on the employment rate for older workers, and that this has been to the detriment of younger workers.…”

Section: Retirement Agementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have shown in retrospect that these measures have not been very effective (Albanese, Cockx, 2015;Dejemeppe et al, 2015). Dejemeppe et al (2015) in particular conclude that these measures had very little impact on the employment rate for older workers, and that this has been to the detriment of younger workers. Pension reform, in place since 2011, makes it more difficult to meet the conditions for early retirement (including tightening up on requirements in terms of age and length of career), career sabbaticals and so on.…”

Section: Retirement Agementioning

confidence: 99%

The ageing of populations in Belgium: Current situation and perspectives

Bourguignon

Sanderson

Gourbin

2018

rqj

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For many decades now, population ageing is observed in every Western countries, as the result of the demographic transition. This article focuses on these issues through the particular lens of the demographer. The first section is focused on the evolution of ageing since 1970, situating Belgium in its wider context as a European nation and analysing spatial differences within Belgium according to standard demo-graphic indicators. The increase in the population over 60 and especially over 80 comes along with a transformation in the population profile. In the second section we look at consequences of ageing in terms of health through an indicator that has now become standard, that of healthy life expectancy. With death taking place at ever older ages, the chance of experiencing health problems has also risen. If to-day’s health-care systems are vitally important in helping older people remain at home for longer, we have focused on the role of the family caregiver, a vital facet of health-care systems for the old. Finally, the third section is devoted to the socioec-onomic consequences of demographic ageing, especially in terms of the resilience of the social security system. Where possible, we draw comparisons with the situation in other European countries.

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Did the Intergenerational Solidarity Pact increase the employment rate of older workers in Belgium? A macro-econometric evaluation

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

A systematic review of causes of recent increases in ages of labor market exit in OECD countries

Assessing the impact of partial early retirement on self-perceived health, depression level and quality of life in Belgium: a longitudinal perspective using the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE)

The ageing of populations in Belgium: Current situation and perspectives

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