Didactique des Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre en Formation Professionnelle des Enseignants et ses Impacts sur la Qualité de l’Enseignement au Maroc

Abstract

Applied didactic is the basic training in the teaching profession of any discipline. Lessons or practical works, according to the new vision of teaching, seeks to better prepare students teachers. This paper focuses on highlighting applied didactic in both initial and continuous training. Research evaluation results of applied didactics in centre's training has shown that the hourly volume of applied didactic is generally insufficient. It also shows that the content is not very compliant with the new vision for the majority of curriculum. Evaluation of student teachers according to the new vision of applied didactic in Life and Earth Sciences (LES) has shown that most students have completely ignored the preparation of the scientific and educational sheets. In addition, they have encountered enormous problems in the construction and presentation of their lessons. This situation requires multidisciplinary and qualified trainers. Real classroom evaluation has enabled us to identify a set of anomalies in the teaching profession, which requires more continuous training in applied didactics. Majority of teachers do not master Information and Communication Technology (ICT), and they considered the integration of technology in their lessons anti-pedagogical. In recent years, the LES lessons taken by students has become a set of data and results experiments, helping students to differentiate essential from nonessential knowledge. In the absence of adequate didactic orientation, classical teaching methods and even erroneous educational and didactic representations will continue to circulate in our educational system. The gravity of all this is the indirect transfer of this classical way of teaching from practicing teachers to student teachers during internships. Lastly, it should be pointed out that the practice of didactics, according to the points raised in this study in teacher training centers, could have a positive impact on improving the quality of our secondary education.