Die Einzelformen der Verbildungen

Ostertag, B.

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-38098-7_8

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 180 publications

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“…3) The occipital condyles are related mostly to the dens. Arif (1931, cited in Ostertag, 1956) failed to find the "craniovertebral" articulation in anencephaly. 4) No parietal lamina is forming, as stressed also by Bohmig (1922) and Stroer and van der Zwan (1939).…”

Section: Temporalmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The cranial nerves (including the optic) often end abruptly before or after entering the brain. Ostertag (1956) stressed the rarity of the olfactory nerve in anencephaly, but Jackle (1968) found it present in 11 of 30 instances. The motor roots of the spinal nerves and the hypoglossal nerve are normal (Staemmler, 1924).…”

Section: Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The cerebellum seems rarely to be present and, when it is, the neocerebellum is missing (Ostertag, 1956). In most of the instances described in the literature, the brain is replaced by a cerebrovascular mass, the area cerebrouasculosa (Hunter, 1934b;Warren, 1951;Erskine, 1955;Dodds and deAngeles, 1955;Dziallas, 1962), in which the eyes and optic nerves are almost always preserved.…”

Section: Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The cervical column in anencephaly is particularly liable to malformation (Ostertag, 1956). Marin-Padilla (1966b) studied the multiple anomalies of the vertebral column in anencephalic fetuses.…”

Section: The Mesenchyme In Skeletal Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Development of anencephaly and its variants

Müller

OʼRahilly

1991

Am. J. Anat.

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Extreme variants of anencephaly in two human embryos of the same stage, namely 22 (54 days), shed new light on problems such as craniocerebral interrelationships and the timing of developmental events. Embryo X had a chondrocranium that possessed features typical of a holoacranial anencephalic skull and an extremely well-preserved brain, in which some of the neural tracts were comparable to those in a normal control. On the other hand, embryo Y of the same stage had a completely degenerated brain, although the chondrocranium was more nearly normal and represented the precursor of a meroacranial skull. A comparison of the two cases seems to indicate a certain independence between skull and brain. Moreover, it appears possible that the disturbances are related primarily to the skeletal, and only secondarily to the nervous, component. Comparisons with experimental data allow the conclusion that the maldevelopment involves mostly paraxial mesenchyme and little or no disturbance of neural crest. The timing of the mesenchymal defect is probably as early as stages 8 and 9 (18-20 days). This is also the time at which mesenchymal defects can result in failure of the neural tube to close.

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Section: Temporalmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Degenerationmentioning

confidence: 96%