Die Krankheiten der Endokrinen Drüsen

Zondek, Hermann

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-92459-0

Cited by 113 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…1) Masked hyperthyroidism (Levine and Sturges 1924), 2) Apathetic thyroidism (Lahey 1931), 3) Fonne fruste hyperthyreosis (Zondek 1953), 4) Thyroid autonomy (Alper 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent Hyperthyreosis - a Heat Stress Syndrome

Sulman¹,

Tal²,

Pfeifer³

et al. 1975

Horm Metab Res

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Intermittent hyperthyreosis occurs under various forms of stress, especially heat stress. The clinician may diagnose such cases as masked or apathetic hyperthyroidism or "forme fruste" hyperthyreosis or thyroid autonomy. As most routine and standard tests may here yield inconsistent results, it is the patients' anamnesis which may provide the clue. Our Bioclimatology Unit has now seen over 100 cases in which thyroid hypersensitivity towards heat was the most prominent syndrome: 10-15% of weather-sensitive patients are affected. The patients complain before or during heat spells of such contradictory symptoms as insomnia, irritability, tension, tachycardia, palpitations, precordial pain, dyspnoe, flushes with sweating or chills, tremor, abdominal pain or diarrhea, polyuria or pollakisuria, weight loss in spite of ravenous appetite, fatigue, exhaustion, depression, adynamia, lack of concentration and confusion. Determination of urinary neurohormones allows a differential diagnosis, intermittent hyperthyreosis being characterized by three cardinal symptoms: 1. tachycardia -- every case with more than 80 pulse beats being suspect (not specific); 2. urinary histamine -- every case excreting more than 90 mug/day being suspect. Again the drawback of this test is its lack of specificity, as histamine may also be increased in cases of allergy and spondylitis; 3. urinary thyroxine -- every case excreting more than 20 mug/day T-4 being suspect. This is the only specific test. Therapy should make use of lithium carbonate and beta-blockers. Propyl thiouracil is rarely required.

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“…1) Masked hyperthyroidism (Levine and Sturges 1924), 2) Apathetic thyroidism (Lahey 1931), 3) Fonne fruste hyperthyreosis (Zondek 1953), 4) Thyroid autonomy (Alper 1970).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intermittent Hyperthyreosis - a Heat Stress Syndrome

Sulman¹,

Tal²,

Pfeifer³

et al. 1975

Horm Metab Res

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“…In 1926 it was proposed to subdivide adiposity states on the basis of etiological principles, according to whether the genesis was prevalently alimentary or endocrine [2]. It deserves mention that among endocrine obesities, Zondek included a pancreatic obesity state attributed to insulin hypersecretion; he realized, well in advance of others, the Rony in 1940 was substantially guided by the same criteria as Zondek had been in making his classification [3].…”

Section: Etiopathogenetic Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Different clinical principles have been the basis for the classifications of Lunedei [17], Dalla Volta [18], and Kemp [19]. For his part, Lunedei has reworked and completed the clinical but not the etiopathogenetic subdivision of Zondek [2] and of Galdi [20], contributing to the specification of the most meaningful localized obesities (progressive lipodystrophy or sickness of Barraquer-Simons; rizomelic obesity; painful lipodystrophy or sickness of Dercum; multiple knotty lipomatosis or sickness of Lannois-Bensaude) and the diffuse ones (gynoid, android, intermediate, and monstrous).…”

Section: Clinical Criteriamentioning

confidence: 99%

The problem of classifying obesity

Scuro

Bosello

1981

World j. surg.

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The numerous attempts to classify obesity demonstrate the difficulty of grouping the obesity syndrome into a single schema. The criteria can be subdivided into 3 groups: the first based on etiology and pathogenesis; the second based on clinical observation, anthropomorphic measurements and adipose tissue histology; and the third based on psychological and nutritional behavior, and environmental elements. The etiological classification subdividing obesity into genetic, hypothalamic, nutritional, physical inactivity, and endocrine groups is important because it best approximates the clinical reality of obesity.Recently acquired knowledge about adipose tissue cellularity and its metabolism has become important for clinical classification of the different types of obesity. Now we can divide obesity into hypertrophic (the weight of the adipocite increases), hyperplastic (only the number of adipose cells increases), and combined (number and weight of adipocite increase). Pure hyperplastic obesity is rarely found, while combined obesity is more frequent; the hypertrophic form is associated with obesity arising in adult life.Considerable information is gained from the study of anomalous nutritional behavior. The excess of food intake has psychologically disparate motivations that are caused by emotional reaction to anxiety‐provoking events or to a developing modification of personality. The first is reactive obesity, the second developmental obesity. However, among the obese there are individuals who have no specific psychological problems and are prompted to hyperfeed by environmental factors. In this case, the term “environmental obesity” is used. As regards a proper therapeutic approach, these distinctions are very important.

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“…Dwarfism is the term applied to a collective concept comprising all individuals whose body size remains considerably behind the accepted average (Zondek, 1923). There are several types of dwarfism; some are predetermined by inheritance, others -ire the result of internal or external circumstances.…”

Section: The Descent Of the African Dwarf Goatsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Dwarf Goats of Africa

Epstein¹

1953

The East African Agricultural Journal

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Die Krankheiten der Endokrinen Drüsen

Cited by 113 publications

References 0 publications

Intermittent Hyperthyreosis - a Heat Stress Syndrome

Intermittent Hyperthyreosis - a Heat Stress Syndrome

The problem of classifying obesity

The Dwarf Goats of Africa

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