Die Radionuklidgeneratoren ,¹¹³Sn/^113m In, ⁶⁸Ge/⁶⁸Ga und ⁴⁴Ti/⁴⁴Sc

Abstract

196 E. SEIDL und K. H. LIESER, Die Radionuklidgeneratoren 113Sn/113min, 68Ge/68Gaund 44Ti/44sc Radiochimica Acta Ständlich, weil die Konzentrationen am Arbeitspunkt entsprechend der Stärke der Komplexbildung abgestuft sind. Der Trennfaktor nimmt mit stärkerer Komplexbildung zu. Säulentrennung An einer kleinen Austauschersäule wurden mit NH^a-hydroxyisobutyrat und NH4-diglykolat einige Versuche zur Trennung benachbarter Lanthaniden ausgeführt. Das Paar 152-Eu und 153-Sm wurde gut getrennt. Beide Komplexbildner hatten annähernd den gleichen Trennfaktor logr= 0.31. Das Paar 144-Ce und 144-Pr (Tochter) gab mit a-Hydroxyisobutyrat überhaupt keine Trennung, mit Diglykolat eine gute Trennung mit dem Trennfaktor log 7"=0.42. Demnach bestehen zwischen den beiden Komplexbildnem bedeutende Unterschiede in der Abstufung der Trennfaktoren zwischen Eu und Ce. Bei gleichmäßiger Abstufung hätte man für a-hydroxyisobutyrat 0.26 und für diglykolat 0.34 zu erwarten.

Scandium-44: Benefits of a Long-Lived PET Radionuclide Available from the 44Ti/44Sc Generator System

“…In the 1960s and 1970s, several strategies were investigated to design a 44 Ti/ 44 Sc generator [4][5][6][7]. These studies have been typical radiochemical ones, using relatively low activities of 44 Ti and did not involve pharmaceutical aspects.…”

Pre-Therapeutic Dosimetry Employing Scandium-44 for Radiolabeling PSMA-617

“…Scandium-44 (β + = 94%, E ~ β = 0.632 MeV) has a physical half-life of 3.97 h and can be produced on two different ways, via 44 Ti/ 44 Sc-generator or cyclotron [30][31][32][33][34][35][36]. Another potential advantage of scandium(III) in nuclear medicine is its radioisotope scandium-47 (β − , primary �-ray of 159 keV and t½ = 3.3 d) which is suitable for therapeutical application.…”

“…First studies on the design of a 44 Ti/ 44 Sc-generator were conducted in the 1960ies and 70ies excluding pharmaceutical aspects [32,35,61,62]. A first 185 MBq 44 Ti/ 44 Sc-generator designed for radiopharmaceutical use was described in the last decade [31] as well as a suitable postprocessing [40].…”

“…First challenge in the development of the 44 Ti/ 44 Sc-generator is the high-yield production of titantium-44 via accelerated particles. Up to now, all attempts building a 44 Ti/ 44 Sc-generator described in the literature use the 45 Sc(p,2n) 44 Ti-process, although cyclotrons of high positron flux are necessary, to obtain titanium-44 in relatively low radioactivity yields [31,32,35,[61][62][63]. Before titanium-44 can be used separation from the target material and subsequent purification from residual metallic contaminants is mandatory.…”

The thermal release of scandium from titanium metal – a simple way to produce pure44Sc for PET application

“…Therefore, efficient chemical separation procedures of 44 Ti from other products need to be developed. Several attempts were undertaken to design 44 Ti/ 44 Sc generators [6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. First clinical studies were performed using this kind of radionuclide generator system [13,14].…”