Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review

Nimick, David A.; Gammons, Christopher H.; Parker, Stephen R.

doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2010.08.017

Cited by 259 publications

(231 citation statements)

References 193 publications

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“…The changes throughout the day not only affect variables such as pH and dissolved oxygen but also concentrations of trace elements. In some cases, their amplitude can be as high as that observed on an annual scale [80]. When diel changes are substantial and persistent, conclusions based on point measurements may be uncertain or even wrong.…”

Section: Analytical Methods For Measuring "Continuously"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Food for Thought: A Critical Overview of Current Practical and Conceptual Challenges in Trace Element Analysis in Natural Waters

Filella

2013

Water

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Abstract:The practical and conceptual challenges faced by the analysis of trace elements present in natural waters are not merely, as is often thought, an endless race towards lower detection limits or to the development of techniques allowing the determination of any possible chemical species formed by all chemical elements. Rather, as discussed in this paper, they include the development of (i) robust, cheap, and reliable methods that could also be used by laypeople (the experience gained in the development of field kits for As is discussed as an example from which similar developments for other elements may be drawn); (ii) more environmentally-friendly methods (the current guiding criteria probably being too simplistic); and (iii) methods making it possible to follow diel concentration changes and sharp concentration variations caused by the probable increase of heavy rainfall events. This paper also claims that neither the measurement of total concentrations (reliable methods are lacking for many elements of the periodic table of trace elements, as illustrated through the cases of Bi, Te, and Sb), nor chemical speciation analysis, are as mature as often thought. In particular, chemical speciation studies demand the development of a better, comprehensive conceptual framework. A trial is carried out to lay the basis of such a framework.

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Section: Analytical Methods For Measuring "Continuously"mentioning

confidence: 99%

Food for Thought: A Critical Overview of Current Practical and Conceptual Challenges in Trace Element Analysis in Natural Waters

Filella

2013

Water

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“…Herrman et al, 2008;Nimick et al, 2011;Palmer-Felgate et al, 2008;Pellerin et al, 2012). Those studies that measure sub-daily instream NO 3 dynamics tend to be based on short-term monitoring schemes, spanning a few days or specific months (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Upland streamwater nitrate dynamics across decadal to sub-daily timescales: a case study of Plynlimon, Wales

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Streamwater nitrate dynamics in the River Hafren, Plynlimon, mid-Wales were investigated over decadal to sub-daily timescales using a range of statistical techniques. Long-term data were derived from weekly grab samples and high-frequency data from 7-hourly samples (2007)(2008)(2009)) both measured at two sites: a headwater stream draining moorland and a downstream site below plantation forest. This study is one of the first to analyse upland streamwater nitrate dynamics across such a wide range of timescales and report on the principal mechanisms identified. The data analysis provided no clear evidence that the long-term decline in streamwater nitrate concentrations was related to a decline in atmospheric deposition alone, because nitrogen deposition first increased and then decreased during the study period. Increased streamwater temperature and denitrification may also have contributed to the decline in stream nitrate concentrations, the former through increased N uptake rates and the latter resultant from increased dissolved organic carbon concentrations. Strong seasonal cycles, with concentration minimums in the summer, were driven by seasonal flow minimums and seasonal biological activity enhancing nitrate uptake. Complex diurnal dynamics were observed, with seasonal changes in phase and amplitude of the cycling, and the diurnal dynamics were variable along the river. At the moorland site, a regular daily cycle, with minimum concentrations in the early afternoon, corresponding with peak air temperatures, indicated the importance of instream biological processing. At the downstream site, the diurnal dynamics were a composite signal, resultant from advection, dispersion and nitrate processing in the soils of the lower catchment. The diurnal streamwater nitrate dynamics were also affected by drought conditions. Enhanced diurnal cycling in Spring 2007 was attributed to increased nitrate availability in the post-drought period as well as low flow rates and high temperatures over this period. The combination of high-frequency short-term measurements and long-term monitoring provides a powerful tool for increasing understanding of the controls of element fluxes and concentrations in surface waters.

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“…DOC in streams is mainly derived from external terrestrial sources (allochthonous) like plants and soils or from instream microbial sources (autochthonous). With increasing stream orders, autochthonous sources become more important (Dawson et al, 2001;Nimick et al, 2011). While DOC from allochthonous sources is characterized by fulvic and humic acids with high molecular weight and aromaticity, DOC from autochthonous sources has a lower molecular weight and is less aromatic (Hood et al, 2006;Saraceno et al, 2009;Spencer et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the contrary, more instream DOC is consumed at night by heterotrophic organisms (Chittoor Viswanathan et al, 2015;Fasching et al, 2016;Nimick et al, 2011;Parker et al, 2010;Spencer et al, 2007). This interplay of autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms is generally used to explain diel DOC fluctuations in streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diel fluctuations of viscosity-driven riparian inflow affect streamflow DOC concentration

Schwab

Klaus

Pfister

et al. 2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Diel fluctuations of streamwater DOC concentrations are generally explained by a complex interplay of different instream processes. We measured the light absorption spectrum of water and DOC concentrations in-situ and with highfrequency by means of a UV-Vis spectrometer during 18 months at the outlet of a forested headwater catchment in 10 Luxembourg (0.45 km 2 ). We generally observed diel DOC fluctuations with a maximum in the afternoon during days thatwere not affected by rainfall-runoff events. We identified an increased inflow of terrestrial DOC to the stream in the afternoon, causing the DOC maxima in the stream. The terrestrial origin of the DOC was derived from the SUVA-254(specific UV absorbance at 254 nm) index, which is a good indicator for the aromaticity of DOC. In the studied catchment, the only possible process that can explain the diel DOC input variations towards the stream is the so-called viscosity effect. 15The water temperature in the upper parts of the riparian zone is increasing during the day, leading to a lower viscosity and therefore a higher hydraulic conductivity. Consequently, more water from areas that are rich in terrestrial DOC passes through the riparian zone and contributes to streamflow in the afternoon. We believe that not only diel instream processes, but also viscosity driven diel fluctuations of terrestrial DOC input should be considered for explaining diel DOC patterns in streams. 20Biogeosciences Discuss., https://doi

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Diel biogeochemical processes and their effect on the aqueous chemistry of streams: A review

Cited by 259 publications

References 193 publications

Food for Thought: A Critical Overview of Current Practical and Conceptual Challenges in Trace Element Analysis in Natural Waters

Food for Thought: A Critical Overview of Current Practical and Conceptual Challenges in Trace Element Analysis in Natural Waters

Upland streamwater nitrate dynamics across decadal to sub-daily timescales: a case study of Plynlimon, Wales

Diel fluctuations of viscosity-driven riparian inflow affect streamflow DOC concentration

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