Dielectric behavior of natural rubber composites in microwave fields

Abstract

In this article, we report the preparation of conducting natural rubber (NR) with polyaniline (Pani). NR was made into a conductive material by the compounding of NR with Pani in powder form. NR latex was made into a conductive material by the in situ polymerization of aniline in the presence of NR latex. Different compositions of Pani-NR semi-interpenetrating networks were prepared, and the dielectric properties of all of the samples were determined in microwave frequencies. The cavity perturbation technique was used for this study. A HP8510 vector network analyzer with a rectangular cavity resonator was used for this study. S bands 2-4 GHz in frequency were used. Thermal studies were also carried out with thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry.

Microwave non-destructing testing of rubber at X-band

“…Teflon has ε r of 2.1 [5], while our results yielded a value of 2.14, a very close agreement. Table 2 shows the calibration standards used and the corresponding S-parameters.…”

“…Teflon was chosen as a standard reference material to verify the calibration since this material has stable properties in the X-band as published previously in [5]. Teflon has ε r of 2.1 [5], while our results yielded a value of 2.14, a very close agreement.…”

“…Free-space microwave measurement (FSMM) systems offer fast, contactless and accurate evaluation of dielectrics such as fluids and semiconductor materials, and industrial materials such as cement and timber [5]. MNDT is a type of FSMM, which can be used to measure electrical parameters such as complex permittivty and permeability, and resistivity as a function of frequency and temperature [6].…”

Electrical, mechanical, and thermal analysis of natural rubber/polyaniline-Dbsa composite

“…PANI's mechanical properties can be improved by mixing it with a polymeric host matrix to form composites or blends . Many polymeric materials can be used as supports for PANI, such as cellulose nanofiber 5 , epoxy resin 7 , polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 4 , polyurethane 8 , poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) 9 , and rubbers [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] . Among polymeric matrixes, natural rubber (NR) has been increasingly used for forming composites owing to its unique mechanical properties.…”

Complex permittivity and conductivity of poly(p-phenylenediazomethine) and its blends at microwave frequencies

“…Conducting polymers are excellent microwave absorbers and they show technological advantage when compared with inorganic electromagnetic absorbing materials, being light weight, easily processable, and the ability of changing the electromagnetic properties with nature and amount of dopants, synthesis conditions, etc and can be used for making microwave absorbers in space applications (Honey John et al 2007a). Conducting polymers have emerged as a very important class of materials because of their unique electrical, optical and chemical properties leading to the wide range of technological applications.…”