Dielectric properties of poly-L-glutamic acid in salt-free aqueous solutions

Electric Properties of Adsorbed Polystyrenesulfonate

“…Despite some difference in details, there is agreement that polarization of bound counterions along the whole macromolecule is responsible for the lower frequency dispersion in polyelectrolyte solutions (17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22). A controversy remains, however, as to the direction of polarization of the counterions, which is responsible for the higher frequency dispersion, polarization of counterions along the subunit of the polyion (11,12) or polarization of counterions perpendicular to the polyion axis (16,(23)(24)(25). How strongly the counterions are bound to the polyion still remains unclear (25).…”

Mean activity coefficients for the simple electrolyte in aqueous mixtures of polyelectrolyte and simple electrolyte. The mixed counterion system sodium(1+), calcium(2+), chloride(1-), polystyrenesulfonate

“…In a number of X=16 Figure 3. 7±(corr) values for NaCI (upper points) and CaCI2 (lower points) at X = 16: X, mP = 0.05; , mP = 0.02: full lines, limiting laws; broken lines, eq 11, 13 (NaCI) and 12, 15 (CaCI2) with e = 0.1.…”

“…Figure 4. 7±(corr) values for NaCI (upper points) and CaCI2 (lower points) at X = 9: X, mP = 0.05; , mP = 0.02: full lines, limiting laws; broken lines, eq 11,13 (NaCI) and 12, 15 (CaCI2) with e = 0.1. cases, duplicate mixtures were prepared independently and the measured cell potentials always agreed within the standard limit of error (ca. ±0.5 mV).…”

On the dielectric properties of poly(glutamic acid) in aqueous solution in the frequency range 107-1010 Hz

“…The large dielectric increment observed was found to be larger for the coiled state than for the helical state, the transition from helix to coil state occurring around pH 6. Müller et al 7 extended the frequency range to 100 MHz and found that the dielectric spectrum was characterized by two dispersions. The slower relaxation process had a relaxation time on the order of 10 ms, and the faster relaxation was on the order of 100 ns.…”