Diesel engine applications for evaluation of performance and emission behavior of biodiesel from different oil stocks

104

Feedstock for biodiesel production has changed over time and it varies depending on regions. Reports and journal articles on biodiesel feedstock resources over the last decade from 2006 to 2016 were reviewed in this article. The regional trends still maintain as the USA and the EU still predominantly use soybean oil and rapeseed oil, respectively, and palm oil is the major source of biodiesel in Asia. It is expected that the food‐crop based biodiesel will continue to be dominant for the next decade. However, it was found that uses of animal fats and used cooking oil are increasing both in the USA and the EU. Because of the increasing diversity in feedstock inputs to biodiesel, it is necessary to better understand the effects of feedstock characteristics on engine performance and emissions. In this review, we limit the reports on biodiesel emissions to those who used 100% biodiesel combusted in a one‐cylinder, four‐stroke, direct injection engine set up in a laboratory. All the emission results were obtained from the same or similar engine conditions to fairly compare them. CO, CO2, NOx, and PM emissions are compared between the biodiesels derived from soybean oil, rapeseed oil, palm oil, jatropha oil, used cooking oil, animal fats, and algal oil. It was found that more emission studies are needed for algal biodiesel. More in‐depth studies are necessary for PM characteristics including the compositions of trace metals, elemental and organic carbon. © 2017 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 37: 7–19, 2018

Section: Biodiesel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The RO biodiesel data shown in Figure a is found in Behcet et al . , which reduced CO emission by 29.7% from diesel CO emission. Cecrle et al .…”

Section: Biodiesel Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trend of biodiesel feedstock and its impact on biodiesel emission characteristics

Kim

Hanifzadeh

Kumar

2017

104

“…Compared to diesel, biodiesel can significantly reduce carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), and smoke emissions by 5%–10% . Due to the absence of sulfur in molecular biodiesel, the emission of sulfur oxides (SO X ) from biodiesel engine can be reduced to nearly zero . The R group in molecular biodiesel contains unsaturated C=C, consisting of a π bond and a σ bond, and the energy of π bond is much lower than that of the σ bond.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of phenolic antioxidants on biodiesel oxidative stability and emission

Chen¹,

Zhong

et al. 2019

Biodiesel is a high‐quality diesel alternative fuel, but it can get easily oxidized on long‐term storage. The addition of antioxidants can effectively improve the oxidation stability of biodiesel. In this study, the mechanism of phenolic antioxidants to inhibit the oxidation of biodiesel and reduce the NOX emission is discussed based on the experimental investigation. Antioxidants (0.8 wt%) 3‐tert‐butyl‐4‐methoxyphenol (BHA), rosemary (K1), and tea polyphenols (K2) were added to biodiesel B100. The antioxidant test was carried out at atmospheric temperature for 4320 h, and the peroxide value, acid values were measured. Then, 0.8 wt% of K1, K2, and BHA were added to B20, named as K1B20, K2B20, and BHAB20. The 186F diesel engine bench test was carried out under 10%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% load at 3000 rpm, with HC, CO, NOX, and smoke emissions of various types of fuel (B20, BHAB20, K1B20, and K2B20) were measured. The results of antioxidant test showed that the antioxidant effect of rosemary was best, displaying a decrease in acid and peroxide values by 25% and 48%, respectively. The diesel engine bench test results showed that antioxidants had little effect on HC, CO, and smoke emission; however, the antioxidants significantly reduced NOX emission. The effect of natural antioxidant rosemary to reduce NOX emission is the best one. At 3000 rpm and 75% load, the NOx of B20 reduced by 9.4%. Among the three antioxidants, the experimental results verified the mechanistic analysis and provided the basis for the selection of antioxidants for biodiesel. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019

“…However, the addition of biodiesel can lead to increased NO x , corrosion in the fuel line and increased consumption as it has a lower heating value. Moreover, biodiesel products from different sources have different physical and chemical characteristics, which can lead to variable performance depending on the production source .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental investigation of the performance and emissions of a diesel engine fuelled by blends containing diesel s10, pyrolysis oil from used tires and biodiesel from waste cooking oil

Pinto

Souza

Coronado

et al. 2019

Using tire‐derived fuels can offer an alternative solution for tackling the problem of tire disposal. Similarly, biodiesel from waste cooking oil allows for the reduction of most environmental impacts caused by the incorrect disposal of oil. Thus, an analysis of blends containing traditional diesel, different amounts of pyrolysis oil from used tires and biodiesel from waste cooking oil has been proposed herein, with the aim of investigating the feasibility of using them in a diesel engine and analyzing their emissions and power in comparison with traditional diesel fuel. Tests were carried out using a single‐cylinder diesel engine with a maximum rated power of 5.6 kW and its emissions were measured with a gas analyzer. The results revealed that using small amounts of tire pyrolysis oil in the blends (up to 5%) leads to a very small decrease in brake thermal efficiency (BTE) while emitting fewer CO and NOx pollutants, when compared to neat diesel. However, adding higher quantities of tire‐pyrolysis oil causes a notable loss in BTE while increasing CO, decreasing NOx and emitting considerably more sulfur. Finally, replacing portions of diesel with biodiesel in diesel‐tire pyrolysis oil blends decreased CO, but at the cost of increasing NOx emissions. © 2019 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 38:e13146, 2019