Diesel/Soy Methyl Ester Blends Emissions Profile from a Passenger Vehicle Operated on the European and the Athens Driving Cycles

Karavalakis, George; Tzirakis, E.; Zannikos, F.; Stournas, S.; Bakeas, Evangelos; Arapaki, N.; Spanos, Apostolos

doi:10.4271/2007-01-4043

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…However, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was found in the exhaust but decreases with the addition of biodiesel. Similar trends were found in [53,54] for SME also.…”

Section: Unregulated Emissions From Biodiesel and Its Blendssupporting

confidence: 86%

Carbonyl and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engine exhaust using different feedstock: A review

Singh

Varun

Chauhan

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…However, benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) was found in the exhaust but decreases with the addition of biodiesel. Similar trends were found in [53,54] for SME also.…”

Section: Unregulated Emissions From Biodiesel and Its Blendssupporting

confidence: 86%

Carbonyl and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engine exhaust using different feedstock: A review

Singh

Varun

Chauhan

2016

Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews

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“…Summarized are means and standard deviations of 245 engine test runs. References: Aakko et al (2000) ; Alam et al (2004) ; Arapaki et al (2007) ; Clark et al (1999 , 2010) ; Frank et al (2004) ; Hasegawa et al (2007) ; Karavalakis et al (2007 , 2010a) ; Kawano et al (2008) ; Kim and Choi (2010) ; Krahl et al (2008) ; Lance and Andersson (2003) ; Luján et al (2006) ; McCormick et al (2005) ; Moser et al (2009) ; Munack et al (2007) ; Nigro et al (2007) ; Peterson et al (2000) ; Schäfer (1996 ); Sharp et al (2000) ; Sze et al (2007) ; Tompson et al (2004) ; Turrio- Baldassarri et al (2004) ; Wang et al (2000) ; Wirawan et al (2008) ; Yoshida et al (2008) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential hazards associated with combustion of bio-derived versus petroleum-derived diesel fuel

Bünger

Krahl

Schröder

et al. 2012

Critical Reviews in Toxicology

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Fuels from renewable resources have gained worldwide interest due to limited fossil oil sources and the possible reduction of atmospheric greenhouse gas. One of these fuels is so called biodiesel produced from vegetable oil by transesterification into fatty acid methyl esters (FAME). To get a first insight into changes of health hazards from diesel engine emissions (DEE) by use of biodiesel scientific studies were reviewed which compared the combustion of FAME with common diesel fuel (DF) for legally regulated and non-regulated emissions as well as for toxic effects. A total number of 62 publications on chemical analyses of DEE and 18 toxicological in vitro studies were identified meeting the criteria. In addition, a very small number of human studies and animal experiments were available. In most studies, combustion of biodiesel reduces legally regulated emissions of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and particulate matter. Nitrogen oxides are regularly increased. Among the non-regulated emissions aldehydes are increased, while polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are lowered. Most biological in vitro assays show a stronger cytotoxicity of biodiesel exhaust and the animal experiments reveal stronger irritant effects. Both findings are possibly caused by the higher content of nitrogen oxides and aldehydes in biodiesel exhaust. The lower content of PAH is reflected by a weaker mutagenicity compared to DF exhaust. However, recent studies show a very low mutagenicity of DF exhaust as well, probably caused by elimination of sulfur in present DF qualities and the use of new technology diesel engines. Combustion of vegetable oil (VO) in common diesel engines causes a strongly enhanced mutagenicity of the exhaust despite nearly unchanged regulated emissions. The newly developed fuel “hydrotreated vegetable oil” (HVO) seems to be promising. HVO has physical and chemical advantages compared to FAME. Preliminary results show lower regulated and non-regulated emissions and a decreased mutagenicity.

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“…Ho et al [19] calculated that the energy consumption of the NEDC is 5% lower than the Singapore driving cycle. In Karavalakis et al [20], the energy consumption increased approximately 30% in comparison to the NEDC. Roso and Martins [21] estimated that the energy consumption of the Santa Maria driving cycle at 12 a.m. and at 5 p.m. is smaller than the FTP-75 cycle by 1.5% and 21%, respectively.…”

Section: Comparison Of Kinematic and Energy Parameters Of Driving Cyclesmentioning

confidence: 94%

Standardized Comparison of 40 Local Driving Cycles: Energy and Kinematics

et al. 2020

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Local driving cycles (LDCs) capture local traffic characteristics, while standard driving cycles (SDCs) compare vehicles in distinct regions. There is a plethora of LDCs, raising the question as to how distinct they are. To quantify it, we first organized a collection of 77 LDCs. From the speed—time images, it was possible to extract numerical vectors of 40 cycles in a standardized way. Comparing the LDCs developed for cars, we found that their parameters fluctuate significantly: the average speed varies from 14.7 to 44.7 km/h, and the fuel economy varies from 10.8 to 20.5 km/L. Comparing the LDCs with FTP-75 cycle, the difference in speed is 7 km/h, and in fuel economy is 1.5 km/L. For WLTC, the difference is 19.4 km/h and 3 km/L, respectively. Thus, given the deviations found between the analyzed LDCs, and between LDCs and SDCs, the numerical results reinforce the relevance of using LDCs for each region.

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Diesel/Soy Methyl Ester Blends Emissions Profile from a Passenger Vehicle Operated on the European and the Athens Driving Cycles

Cited by 12 publications

References 19 publications

Carbonyl and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engine exhaust using different feedstock: A review

Carbonyl and aromatic hydrocarbon emissions from diesel engine exhaust using different feedstock: A review

Potential hazards associated with combustion of bio-derived versus petroleum-derived diesel fuel

Standardized Comparison of 40 Local Driving Cycles: Energy and Kinematics

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