Diet Affects the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Health

Holscher, Hannah D.

doi:10.1016/j.jand.2019.12.016

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…Broadly, under the anaerobic conditions prevailing in the colon, or in a scenario where there is an adequate dietary fiber intake, these fibers become available to microbes resident within the cecum and proximal colon where they are degraded into MACs. These further undergo bacterial hydrolysis to form monosaccharides (hexoses and pentoses) and subsequently fermented to phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) via the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas glycolytic pathway [44]. PEP, a key intermediate, is then used to produce SCFAs via different reactions [45].…”

Section: Endogenous Synthesis Of Scfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

2021

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Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) are metabolites produced in the gut via microbial fermentation of dietary fibers referred to as microbiota-accessible carbohydrates (MACs). Acetate, propionate, and butyrate have been observed to regulate host dietary nutrient metabolism, energy balance, and local and systemic immune functions. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown links between the presence of bacteria-derived SCFAs and host health through the blunting of inflammatory processes, as well as purported protection from the development of illness associated with respiratory infections. This bank of evidence suggests that SCFAs could be beneficial to enhance the athlete’s immunity, as well as act to improve exercise recovery via anti-inflammatory activity and to provide additional energy substrates for exercise performance. However, the mechanistic basis and applied evidence for these relationships in humans have yet to be fully established. In this narrative review, we explore the existing knowledge of SCFA synthesis and the functional importance of the gut microbiome composition to induce SCFA production. Further, changes in gut microbiota associated with exercise and various dietary MACs are described. Finally, we provide suggestions for future research and practical applications, including how these metabolites could be manipulated through dietary fiber intake to optimize immunity and energy metabolism.

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Section: Endogenous Synthesis Of Scfasmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

2021

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“… 62 At present, this modulator has been extended to include dietary patterns, eating behaviors, diet quality, and food preparation methods. 63 Therefore, an unbalanced diet causes unfavorable changes in energy balance and GM composition. This dysbiosis results in weight gain and a higher risk of developing metabolic illnesses.…”

Section: Factors That Modulate the Microbiome In Patients With T2dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era

et al. 2022

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The association between the physio-pathological variables of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and gut microbiota composition suggests a new avenue to track the disease and improve the outcomes of pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatments. This enterprise requires new strategies to elucidate the metabolic disturbances occurring in the gut microbiome as the disease progresses. To this end, physiological knowledge and systems biology pave the way for characterizing microbiota and identifying strategies in a move toward healthy compositions. Here, we dissect the recent associations between gut microbiota and T2D. In addition, we discuss recent advances in how drugs, diet, and exercise modulate the microbiome to favor healthy stages. Finally, we present computational approaches for disentangling the metabolic activity underlying host-microbiota codependence. Altogether, we envision that the combination of physiology and computational modeling of microbiota metabolism will drive us to optimize the diagnosis and treatment of T2D patients in a personalized way.

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“…Diet is a key factor in altering gut microbiota composition and function ( 128 ). Appropriate intake of dietary fiber and prebiotics has been recognized as a positive contribution to human health, including weight control, cardiovascular protection, blood sugar control, and brain health ( 129 , 130 ).…”

Section: Applications Of Microorganisms: a New Strategy To Improve Ca...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiome in cancer: An exploration of carcinogenesis, immune responses and immunotherapy

Zhou

Wang

et al. 2022

Front. Immunol.

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Cancer is a major disease endangering human health. More and more studies have shown that microorganisms play an extremely important role in the occurrence, development and treatment of tumors. As a very promising tumor treatment strategy, immunotherapy has also been proved to have a great relationship with microorganisms. Here, the authors review the contribution of the microbiota to cancer and the research on its impact on cancer immunotherapy. We also highlight the possible mechanism of their interaction and outlined the potential application of microbiota in tumor immunotherapy.

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Diet Affects the Gastrointestinal Microbiota and Health

Cited by 16 publications

References 75 publications

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

The Athlete and Gut Microbiome: Short-chain Fatty Acids as Potential Ergogenic Aids for Exercise and Training

Type 2 diabetes, gut microbiome, and systems biology: A novel perspective for a new era

Microbiome in cancer: An exploration of carcinogenesis, immune responses and immunotherapy

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