Diet-altered body temperature rhythms are associated with altered rhythms of clock gene expression in peripheral tissues in vivo

Goh, Grace H.; Mark, Peter J.; Blache, Dominique; Binks, Daniel; Parsons, Rex; Rawashdeh, Oliver; Maloney, Shane K.

doi:10.1016/j.jtherbio.2021.102983

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The highest values were reached during the dark phase. Our results in the control group are very consistent with previous studies (Goh et al 2021;Mavroudis et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in rhythmic oscillations of skeletal muscle clock genes and metabolic clock-controlled genes after heavy exercise

Xia

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Exercise is considered to be a timing factor (zeitgeber) that can affect rhythm changes in skeletal muscle. The phase of the skeletal muscle clock affects the metabolism of the muscles. However, whether exercise intensity induces phase changes in oscillations of clock genes as well as clock-controlled metabolic genes remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the effects of heavy exercise on skeletal muscle clock genes and phase changes in oscillations of clock-controlled metabolic genes. The expression of clock genes Bmal1 and Clock in the skeletal muscle of rats was analyzed by real-time PCR, and the expression of clock-controlled metabolic proteins NAMPT, NAD+, and SIRT1 was analyzed by ELISA. Sprague Dawley rats were kept under a regular 12/12-h light/dark cycle. Rats in the exercise group were exposed to a downhill run of 90 min at a speed of 16 m/min and an angle of − 16°. Sampling was performed at 6-h intervals. Compared with the control group, the rhythm of Bmal1 mRNA expression in the exercise group disappeared on the first day, and the rhythm recovered on the second day; Clock mRNA expression lost its rhythmicity in 72 h. The expression of NAMPT, NAD+, and SIRT1 was lost on the first day and the second day, but the rhythm recovered on the third day. These data demonstrate that muscle contractions are sufficient to shift the phase of muscle circadian clock and clock-controlled metabolic genes, likely via changes in core clock gene expression.

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“…The highest values were reached during the dark phase. Our results in the control group are very consistent with previous studies (Goh et al 2021;Mavroudis et al 2018).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Changes in rhythmic oscillations of skeletal muscle clock genes and metabolic clock-controlled genes after heavy exercise

Xia

et al. 2022

Preprint

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“…On the one hand, Rev-erbα can regulate other circadian rhythm genes such as Clock and Cry1 [ 33 , 34 ]. On the other hand, it can also act as an independent transcription repressor by interacting with heme and mitochondria [ 35 , 36 ]. The enrichment results of DEGs from satiation vs. sleep, satiation vs. fasting, fasting vs. activity, and sleep vs. activity indicated that Rev-erbα in two consecutive states, activity and satiation, presented relatively lower expression level; however, in the sleep and fasting states, Rev-erbα showed relatively higher expression levels.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative analysis of the daily liver transcriptomes in wild nocturnal bats

Chu

Feng

et al. 2022

BMC Genomics

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Background Mammals rely on the circadian clock network to regulate daily systemic metabolism and physiological activities. The liver is an important peripheral organ in mammals, and it has a unique circadian rhythm regulation process. As the only mammals that can fly, bats have attracted much research attention due to their nocturnal habits and life histories. However, few research reports exist concerning the circadian rhythms of bat liver gene expression and the relevant biological clock regulation mechanisms in the liver. Results In this study, the expression levels of liver genes of Asian particolored bats were comparatively analyzed using RNA-seq at four different time points across 24 h. A total of 996 genes were found to be rhythmic, accounting for 65% of the total number of expressed genes. The critical circadian rhythm genes Bmal1, Rev-erbα, Cry, and Ror in the liver exhibited different expression patterns throughout the day, and participated in physiological processes with rhythmic changes, including Th17 cell differentiation (ko04659), antigen processing and presentation (ko04612), the estrogen signaling pathway (ko04915), and insulin resistance (ko04931). In addition, previous studies have found that the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) metabolic signaling pathway (ko03320) may play a vital role in the rhythmic regulation of the metabolic network. Conclusions This study is the first to demonstrate diurnal changes in bat liver gene expression and related physiological processes. The results have thus further enriched our understanding of bats’ biological clocks.

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“…The circadian axis hypothalamusadipose tissue emphasizes the importance of functional adipose tissue clock for the circadian regulation of energy homeostasis (Heyde et al, 2021) and its disruption can affect metabolic processes (Dollet and Zierath, 2019). Furthermore, circadian rhythm of core temperature can modulate the amplitude of circadian gene expression (Goh et al, 2021). Expression of core clock genes in brown fat, but not in white fat, is highly responsive to cold exposure (Li et al, 2013).…”

Section: Bat and Circadian Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential links between brown adipose tissue, circadian dysregulation, and suicide risk

2023

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Circadian desynchronizations are associated with psychiatric disorders as well as with higher suicidal risk. Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is important in the regulation of body temperature and contributes to the homeostasis of the metabolic, cardiovascular, skeletal muscle or central nervous system. BAT is under neuronal, hormonal and immune control and secrets batokines: i.e., autocrine, paracrine and endocrine active substances. Moreover, BAT is involved in circadian system. Light, ambient temperature as well as exogen substances interact with BAT. Thus, a dysregulation of BAT can indirectly worsen psychiatric conditions and the risk of suicide, as one of previously suggested explanations for the seasonality of suicide rate. Furthermore, overactivation of BAT is associated with lower body weight and lower level of blood lipids. Reduced body mass index (BMI) or decrease in BMI respectively, as well as lower triglyceride concentrations were found to correlate with higher risk of suicide, however the findings are inconclusive. Hyperactivation or dysregulation of BAT in relation to the circadian system as a possible common factor is discussed. Interestingly, substances with proven efficacy in reducing suicidal risk, like clozapine or lithium, interact with BAT. The effects of clozapine on fat tissue are stronger and might differ qualitatively from other antipsychotics; however, the significance remains unclear. We suggest that BAT is involved in the brain/environment homeostasis and deserves attention from a psychiatric point of view. Better understanding of circadian disruptions and its mechanisms can contribute to personalized diagnostic and therapy as well as better assessment of suicide risk.

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Diet-altered body temperature rhythms are associated with altered rhythms of clock gene expression in peripheral tissues in vivo

Cited by 9 publications

References 69 publications

Changes in rhythmic oscillations of skeletal muscle clock genes and metabolic clock-controlled genes after heavy exercise

Changes in rhythmic oscillations of skeletal muscle clock genes and metabolic clock-controlled genes after heavy exercise

Comparative analysis of the daily liver transcriptomes in wild nocturnal bats

Potential links between brown adipose tissue, circadian dysregulation, and suicide risk

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