Diet and Anthropometrics of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparison With the General Population

Diederen, Kay; Krom, Hilde; Koole, Jeffrey C D; Benninga, Marc A.; Kindermann, Angelika

doi:10.1093/ibd/izy027

Cited by 25 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The study was not designed to explore the perceived effects of macronutrients; however, from the other responses received, 8% of participants specified foods with a high fat content, and 5% specified takeaways or deep-fried foods. These findings are in agreement with previous and current studies where patients with IBD have identified fast food [ 35 , 48 ], fatty food [ 15 , 17 , 34 , 36 , 37 ], fried and fatty foods [ 14 ], deep-fried and fatty food [ 16 , 39 ], oily food [ 38 ], and fatty meats [ 58 ] in symptom onset or exacerbation. Furthermore, evaluation of dietary intake changes in over 4200 families in Japan over two decades found positive associations between increasing CD incidence and total fat, animal fat, and omega-6 fatty acids [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In the present study, 55% of participants reported an association between dietary elements and the onset of their IBD symptoms, consistent with the range of 33–68% observed in other studies [ 15 , 17 , 32 , 33 , 34 ]. Moreover, within the range seen in other studies (44–76.5%) [ 32 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 ] a greater percentage of participants (70%) reported an association between diet and symptom exacerbation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

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Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are Symptoms and Diet Linked?

et al. 2020

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New Zealand (NZ) has one of the world’s highest incidence rates of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), a group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affect the gastrointestinal tract. Patients with IBD often believe certain foods influence their disease symptoms and consequently may alter their diet considerably. The objective of this study was to determine foods, additives, and cooking methods (dietary elements) that NZ IBD patients identify in the onset, exacerbation, or reduction of their symptoms. A total of 233 participants completed a self-administered questionnaire concerning symptom behaviour in association with 142 dietary elements. Symptom onset and symptom exacerbation were associated with dietary elements by 55% (128) and 70% (164) of all IBD participants, respectively. Fruit and vegetables were most frequently identified, with dairy products, gluten-containing bread, and foods with a high fat content also considered deleterious. Of all IBD participants, 35% (82) associated symptom reduction with dietary elements. The identified foods were typically low in fibre, saturated fatty acids, and easily digestible. No statistically significant differences were seen between the type or number of dietary elements and disease subtype or recent disease activity. The association between diet and symptoms in patients with IBD and the mechanism(s) involved warrant further research and may lead to the development of IBD specific dietary guidelines.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are Symptoms and Diet Linked?

et al. 2020

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“…Finally, despite a low consumption in fibers, as previously reported [ 10 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ] and the low-intermediate adherence to MD reported in our IBD patients, we found a significant inverse correlation between adherence to MD and fecal calprotectin. Associations between nutrients and inflammation have been established [ 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

“…On the contrary, a more recent pediatric study from Dierden at al. found that the diet of children with IBD differs from the general pediatric population, with lower energy intake [ 24 ]. More specifically, protein intake did not differ, while fat intake was higher in pediatric IBD and carbohydrate intake was lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet’s Adherence in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

et al. 2020

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Background: Nutritional support is very important in the treatment of Paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). The role of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) has been understudied in children with IBD. The aims of this study were to assess the dietary intakes of IBD children in comparison with healthy controls (HCs), their adherence to MD; and the relationship between inflammation and dietary behaviors. Methods: Paediatric IBD patients in clinical remission and HCs were enrolled. The nutritional status and adherence to the Mediterranean Diet was evaluated through a 3-day food diary and the Mediterranean Diet Quality Index for Children and Adolescents (KIDMED). Results: The analysis of food diaries showed a significantly higher kilocalorie intake in IBD patients compared to HCs (p = 0.012), an increase in carbohydrates (p = 0.015) and in protein intake (p = 0.024). Both IBD and HCs have an intermediate adherence to MD. The comparison between Crohn’s disease (CD) and Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients showed significant difference in protein intake in CD patients (p = 0.047), as well as for vitamin D (p = 0.044) and iron intake (p = 0.023). Interestingly; in IBD patients we found a significant association between adherence to MD and a low level of fecal calprotectin (p = 0.027). Conclusion: Children with IBD in remission have a sub-optimal food intake compared to HCs. MD seems to correlate to decreased intestinal inflammation.

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“…While most studies are focused on the role of diet in the aetiology of the disease rather than the current nutrition of the patients, recent research has shown that paediatric IBD patients have a higher fat intake than healthy subjects [8]. Prior to that, Silva et al also reported a deficiency in the intake of energy and many micronutrients, while the consumption of fats and sweets were higher than recommended [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional intake and body composition in children with inflammatory bowel disease

Pinter

Boros

Pálfi

et al. 2020

Developments in Health Sciences

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PurposeIn this study we assessed nutritional intake, body composition, and their relationship in patients with paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).MethodsWe conducted a longitudinal, prospective study of 38 patients' nutritional intake using 3-day food records (FR) and bioimpedance analysis of body composition. FR were evaluated by Nutricomp DietCAD software. Results were analysed with Microsoft Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS Statistics 22 software.ResultsPatients treated with biological and conventional therapy (CT) had a higher intake of vegetable protein and carbohydrate from starch than those treated earlier with exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) in the remission phase (F = 5.926, F = 5.130, P < 0.05). The former EEN group had a higher intake of iron compared to the other two groups (F = 3.967, P = 0.036). Protein intake and fat-free mass (FFM) had a significant positive correlation, while added sugar correlated with body fat mass (BFM) in the same way (R2 = 0.122, R2 = 0.169, P < 0.05). Body-fat mass in patients of the biological therapy (BT) group overstepped the healthy median, and the FFM in the EEN group stayed under it.ConclusionsOur results confirm that it is essential to monitor body composition and not only measure body weight. Patients should be advised based on their body composition, therapy, and phase of the disease.

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Diet and Anthropometrics of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comparison With the General Population

Abstract: The diet of children with IBD differs from the general pediatric population, with lower energy intake and high rates of food avoidance. Evaluation of the dietary intake alongside anthropometrics may be important to prevent nutrition deficiencies and promote health.

Cited by 25 publications

References 63 publications

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are Symptoms and Diet Linked?

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Are Symptoms and Diet Linked?

Effectiveness of Mediterranean Diet’s Adherence in Children with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases

Nutritional intake and body composition in children with inflammatory bowel disease

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