Diet and particularly seafood are major sources of perfluorinated compounds in humans

Haug, Line Småstuen; Thomsen, Cathrine; Brantsæter, Anne Lise; Kvalem, Helen Engelstad; Haugen, Margaretha; Alexander, Jan; Meltzer, Helle Margrete; Knutsen, Helle Katrine

doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.05.016

Cited by 288 publications

(167 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…However, market basket studies have shown that dietary intake of PFOS derived mainly from fish and seafood in Spain 10) , and cereals and cereal products, milk and dairy products, fish and seafood, and meat and meat products in Norway 2) . Two previous reports also reported that consumption of fish and shellfish was positively correlated with plasma or serum concentrations of PFOS in Norway 9,31) . In contrast, meat, but not fish, was a significant predictor of PFOS levels in plasma among pregnant Danish women 11) .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…However, there is still debate over the sources of dietary exposure to PFOS and PFOA in humans. Several reports have indicated that PFOS and PFOA were transferred into the human body mainly through fish intake 9,10) . On the other hand, research in Denmark showed positive associations between concentrations of PFOS in blood and consumption of red meat, animal fat and snacks, but not fish 11) .…”

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confidence: 99%

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Consumption of Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, and Blood Levels of PFOS and PFOA in the Japanese Population

Yamaguchi

Arisawa

Uemura

et al. 2013

Journal of Occupational Health

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PFOA, with medians being highest in the Tokai/Hokuriku/ Kinki region. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the concentrations of PFOS in blood were mainly associated with fish consumption and that the levels of PFOS and PFOA were associated with the serum levels of liver enzymes in Japanese populations. Further investigations are required to clarify the reason for the regional differences in blood levels of PFOS and PFOA in Japan. (J Occup Health 2013; 55: 184−194) Key words: Blood, Fish intake, Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), Serum liver enzymes Perfluorochemicals (PFCs) are man-made chemical substances containing C-C and C-F bonds. PFCs are extremely resistant to degradation, and accumulate in the environment. Perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) are two of the main PFCs. PFOS and PFOA have both hydrophilic and lipophilic properties. PFOS bioaccumulates in animal tissues through the food web 1) , and exposure to PFOA occurs in part through drinking water and beverages 2) . The geometric mean elimination half-lives of PFOS and PFOA from human serum are approximately 4.8 and 3.5 years, respectively 3) . Recently, it has been reported that PFOS and PFOA have toxic effects on wildlife and humans. The toxicity includes neurobehavioral defects 4) , hepatotoxicity 5) , immune toxicity and carcinogenicity 6) . A reduction in human exposure to PFCs has been reported following the phasing-out of perfluorosulfonyl-based compounds and the Environmental Protection Agency's program The purpose of the present study was to examine the factors associated with the blood levels of PFOS and PFOA. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 307 men and 301 women (aged 16−76 years) living in 15 prefectures in Japan. Blood levels of PFOS and PFOA were measured by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Hepatic enzymes (γ -GTP, GOT, and GPT) and ω -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (DHA and EPA) levels in serum were also measured. Associations between the levels of PFOS and PFOA in blood and the intake frequency of 41 kinds of dishes, foods and beverages and the serum levels of liver enzymes and ω -3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were examined using rank correlations. Results: Frequency of intake of boiled fish in broth, sliced raw fish and coastal fish showed significant positive correlations with PFOS concentrations in blood after adjustments for potential confounders. Serum levels of GOT, GPT, DHA and EPA showed significant positive correlations with PFOS and PFOA in blood. There was also a significant regional difference in the blood levels of PFOS and

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumption of Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, and Blood Levels of PFOS and PFOA in the Japanese Population

Yamaguchi

Arisawa

Uemura

et al. 2013

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…The RfD for PFOS is 0.025 μg/g/d, which was established on the basis of the rat chronic carcinogenicity studies (Thayer, 2002). The ADI of PFOS of all nine fish species Concentration (ng/g ww) and Norway (0.78 ng/kg/d) (Haug et al, 2010). This reflects the combination of both high (but not exceptionally high) PFOS levels and relatively high fish consumption rates in this region.…”

Section: Risk Assessment Through Fish Consumptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food consumption is believed to be the major pathway for human exposure to PFASs, contributing more than 60 percent of total lifetime exposure (Tittlemier et al, 2007). In particular, fish has been suggested as the most important source of PFASs exposed to humans through dietary route (Haug et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioaccumulation and risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in wild freshwater fish from rivers in the Pearl River Delta region, South China

Pan

Zhao

Liu

et al. 2014

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety

123

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“…Overall, occupational exposure such as indoor dust intake, TSP intake, and diet were found to be the main exposure routes of PFAAs in the workers (Figure 4), which were rather different from those for the general populations. 18,22,24 For PFOS and PFHxS, the most predominant direct exposure pathway was via indoor dust intake, which accounted for 88.4 and 67.3%, respectively, followed by dietary intake, which accounted for 8.88% of PFOS and 31.6% of PFHxS. However, for PFOA, intake via TSP was the predominant route of exposure in the occupational workers, and it accounted for 67.9% of ∑PFOA, followed by indoor dust (17.2%) and diet (14.8%).…”

Section: Environmental Science and Technologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Accumulation and Elimination Behavior of Perfluoroalkyl Acid Isomers in Occupational Workers in a Manufactory in China

Gao

Cao

et al. 2015

Environ. Sci. Technol.

144

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In this study, serum and urine samples were collected from 36 occupational workers in a fluorochemical manufacturing plant in China from 2008 to 2012 to evaluate the body burden and possible elimination of linear and branched perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs). Indoor dust, total suspended particles (TSP), diet, and drinking water samples were also collected to trace the occupational exposure pathway to PFAA isomers. The geometric mean concentrations of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHxS) isomers in the serum were 1386, 371, and 863 ng mL , respectively. The linear isomer of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS was the most predominant PFAA in the serum, with mean proportions of 63.3, 91.1, and 92.7% respectively, which were higher than the proportions in urine. The most important exposure routes to PFAA isomers in the occupational workers were considered to be the intake of indoor dust and TSP. A renal clearance estimation indicated that branched PFAA isomers had a higher renal clearance rate than did the corresponding linear isomers. Molecular docking modeling implied that linear PFOS (n-PFOS) had a stronger interaction with human serum albumin (HSA) than branched isomers did, which could decrease the proportion of n-PFOS in the blood of humans via the transport of HSA.

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Diet and particularly seafood are major sources of perfluorinated compounds in humans

Cited by 288 publications

References 37 publications

Consumption of Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, and Blood Levels of PFOS and PFOA in the Japanese Population

Consumption of Seafood, Serum Liver Enzymes, and Blood Levels of PFOS and PFOA in the Japanese Population

Bioaccumulation and risk assessment of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances in wild freshwater fish from rivers in the Pearl River Delta region, South China

Differential Accumulation and Elimination Behavior of Perfluoroalkyl Acid Isomers in Occupational Workers in a Manufactory in China

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