Diet and socio-economic factors and their association with the nutritional status of pre-school children in a low income suburb of Kampala city, Uganda

Kikafunda, Joyce K.; Tumwine, J K

doi:10.4314/eamj.v83i10.9470

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…In this study, residence in a one room apartment, low maternal income and household expenditure on food were socioeconomic indicators which remained significant risk factors of under-nutrition on the regression analysis. These findings have been corroborated by other studies [10, 14, 22, 23]. Generally, individuals residing in poor households are unable to achieve food security and less likely to access modern health facilities [24].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Family and socioeconomic risk factors for undernutrition among children aged 6 to 23 Months in Ibadan, Nigeria

Owoaje¹,

Onifade²,

Desmennu³

2014

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionChild undernutrition is a major public health problem in Nigeria and other Sub-Saharan African countries. However, few analytical studies have quantified the role of risk factors. This study was conducted to determine the socio-economic and family related risk factors for undernutrition among children in Ibadan, Nigeria.MethodsA case-control study was conducted among children100 cases and 200 controls aged 6-23 months. A semi-structured interviewer- administered questionnaire was used to obtain information on socio-economic status, infant feeding practices of the mothers, children's immunization status and recent episodes of common childhood illnesses. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify the risk factors.ResultsOn bivariate analysis, the maternal factors associated with undernutrition were maternal level of education below secondary level, monthly income below $20 and polygamous marriage. Socio-economic factors significantly associated with malnutrition were residence in a high density area, family accommodation in a single room apartment and family weekly expenditure on food below $55. Children's characteristics associated with child malnutrition included incomplete immunization for age, recent episodes of diarrhoea and acute respiratory infection. The significant risk factors on multivariate analysis were maternal monthly income <$20, monthly household food expenditure <$55, residence in a one room apartment, higher birth order and incomplete immunization of the child.ConclusionThe multiplicity of risk factors identified is indicative of the need for a multidisciplinary approach in developing preventive strategies child undernutrition.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Family and socioeconomic risk factors for undernutrition among children aged 6 to 23 Months in Ibadan, Nigeria

Owoaje¹,

Onifade²,

Desmennu³

2014

Pan Afr Med J

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“…This level of stunting is very high, well above the national average of 39 percent [4]. The figure is comparable to that of 44.3% obtained for Kabarole District by Jitta and co-workers in the early 1990s [6] in their secondary analysis of the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey data [2] and more recent data of 46.3% found in pre-school children in the suburbs of Kampala City, Central Uganda [14]. Similar to other studies, the level of stunting was higher in older children, compared to the younger ones [2,6].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…High education, especially secondary and tertiary education, is associated with high socio-economic status, good quality environment and good healthcare through nutritional knowledge, attitudes and practices (14). Increasing level of education of parents has been found to reduce incidences of under-weight [6].…”

Section: Factors Related To the Mother Low Education Level Of The Mothermentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of early childhood malnutrition and influencing factors in peri urban areas of Kabarole district, western Uganda

Turyashemererwa¹,

Kikafunda²,

Agaba³

2009

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development

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Uganda has one of the highest levels of childhood stunting in sub-Saharan Africa. It is well documented that the nutritional status of young children is one of the most sensitive indicators of sudden changes in health status and food availability, acting as a proxy indicator of socio-economic development. Kabarole District, the focus of the present study, is one of the most fertile areas in Uganda, with high per capita output of most foods. However, earlier studies in Kabarole District found that over 40% of children below five years of age were stunted. The objective of this study was, therefore, to asses the prevalence of malnutrition and the factors influencing the nutritional status of children below five years of age, in a peri-urban environment in Kabarole District, western Uganda. The study design was a cross sectional descriptive survey, using both qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection. A questionnaire was administered to 93 caretakers of children 6-59 months in randomly selected households, which explored the various factors that could be affecting the nutritional status of the children. Key information was also sought from a focus group discussion of a few selected mothers. Results revealed that stunting was highly prevalent with 41.6% of the children stunted. Under-weight and wasting were established at 15.7% and 3.4%, respectively. Education level of mother/caretaker (p=0.02), age of child (p=0.03), receipt of information on child feeding (p=0.009), illness (p=0.004) and time of introduction of other foods (p=0031) were significantly related to child stunting. On the other hand, household size, number of meals per day and awareness about the causes of malnutrition, were non significantly associated with child stunting. These findings indicate that malnutrition, especially stunting, in this cohort of children in peri-urban areas of Kabalore District, is a big problem. Poor education levels of the mothers/caretakers and poor child feeding practices are some of the factors identified as major contributors to this problem. It is therefore recommended that appropriate nutrition interventions, particularly equipping mothers/caretakers with knowledge and skills in child feeding, child health, sanitation and other best practices for proper childcare, be put in place to address the problem of childhood malnutrition in Kabarole District and other areas in Uganda, and indeed in Sub-Saharan Africa, with similar settings.

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“…Our finding that lower paternal education is a risk factor of severe underweight is in agreement with one other recently-published report (9) from Bangladesh, which found that education of father was significantly associated with both moderate and severe childhood stunting. Likewise, a study in Uganda found that both economic status and education of father were significantly associated with the nutritional status of children (10). Results of studies in South India showed that children of fathers who were day-labourers were ~3 times more likely to be severely underweight (11).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors Associated with Severe Underweight among Young Children Reporting to a Diarrhoea Treatment Facility in Bangladesh

Nahar

Ahmed

Brown

et al. 2010

J Health Popul Nutr

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Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a serious health problem among young children in Bangladesh. PEM increases childhood morbidity and mortality. Information is needed on the major risk factors for PEM to assist with the design and targeting of appropriate prevention programmes. To compare the underlying characteristics of children, aged 6-24 months, with or without severe underweight, reporting to the Dhaka Hospital of ICDDR,B in Bangladesh, a case-control study was conducted among 507 children with weightfor-age z-score (WAZ) <-3 and 500 comparison children from the same communities with WAZ >-2.5. There were no significant differences between the groups in age [overall mean±standard deviation (SD) 12.6±4.1 months] or sex ratio (44% girls), area of residence, or year of enrollment. Results of logistic regression analysis revealed that severely-underweight children were more likely to have: undernourished mothers [body mass index (BMI) <18.5, adjusted odds ratio (AOR)=3.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.6-5.4] who were aged <19 years (AOR=3.0, 95% CI 1.9-4.8) and completed <5 years of education (AOR=2.7, 95% CI 1.9-3.8), had a history of shorter duration of predominant breastfeeding (<4 months, AOR=2.3, 95% CI 1.6-3.3), discontinued breastfeeding (AOR=2.0, 95% CI 1.1-3.5), and had higher birth-order (>3 AOR=1.8, 95% CI 1.2-2.7); and fathers who were rickshaw-pullers or unskilled day-labourers (AOR=4.4; 95% CI 3.1-6.1) and completed <5 years of education (AOR=1.5; 95% CI 1.1-2.2), came from poorer families (monthly income of Tk <5,000, AOR=2.7, 95% CI 1.9-3.8). Parental education, economic and nutritional characteristics, child-feeding practices, and birth-order were important risk factors for severe underweight in this population, and these characteristics can be used for designing and targeting preventive intervention programmes.

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Diet and socio-economic factors and their association with the nutritional status of pre-school children in a low income suburb of Kampala city, Uganda

Cited by 20 publications

References 10 publications

Family and socioeconomic risk factors for undernutrition among children aged 6 to 23 Months in Ibadan, Nigeria

Family and socioeconomic risk factors for undernutrition among children aged 6 to 23 Months in Ibadan, Nigeria

Prevalence of early childhood malnutrition and influencing factors in peri urban areas of Kabarole district, western Uganda

Risk Factors Associated with Severe Underweight among Young Children Reporting to a Diarrhoea Treatment Facility in Bangladesh

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