Diet composition of the golden jackal <i>Canis aureus</i> in south‐east Europe – a review

Lange, Pauline N. A. M. J. G.; Lelieveld, G.; Knegt, Henjo J. De

doi:10.1111/mam.12235

Cited by 30 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Vegetation consumption was greater during the summer and autumn when many fruits are most available. This pattern is similar in other omnivorous canid species – reviews of Iberian red fox and golden jackal diets also found greater consumption of vegetation in the summer and autumn (Díaz‐Ruiz et al 2013, Lange et al 2021). Indeed, the sharp increase in vegetation consumption during the summer and autumn we found could partially explain the negative relationship between it and both ungulate and lagomorph consumption.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

“…Each of the 12 food categories except wild pigs received a value for each season in a study (i.e. we entered a zero if the category was not reported; Lange et al 2021). We chose this approach because we assumed that, unless we had reason to believe otherwise (and had excluded the study; see criteria seven and eight above), authors reported coyote diets comprehensively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion

et al. 2022

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Coyotes Canis latrans have expanded their geographic range by 40% in the last 120 years, raising questions about their ecological impacts in the newly colonised areas. Despite a wealth of local knowledge on coyote diet in North America, we have little information about how and why diet might vary throughout the species' range. We conducted the first rangewide meta‐analysis of coyote diet by investigating how ecoregion, coyote mass, environmental conditions, presence of top predators and alternative food items are related to coyote dietary diversity, as well as consumption of small mammals, lagomorphs, vegetation and ungulates. Using data from 93 studies, we used generalised linear mixed models to determine which variables best explained coyote dietary patterns. Coyotes were generally more carnivorous in temperate forests than in other ecoregions, primarily due to greater ungulate consumption. Dietary diversity was most influenced via a negative effect of mammal consumption; coyote diet was more diverse in the spring and where human footprint was greater. There was minor variation in small mammal consumption, but lagomorph consumption was greater in spring and winter and when coyotes were larger. Vegetation consumption was greatest in summer and autumn. Ungulate consumption was positively related to coyote mass, snow cover and the presence of grey wolves Canis lupus. Both intrinsic and extrinsic factors were related to coyote diet. Larger coyotes ate larger foods, which parallels the relationship between mass and prey size across the carnivore guild. Wolves and humans have opposing effects on coyote diet. Coyotes seem to prioritise eating wild mammals, though more work is needed to quantify scavenging. Collectively, our findings emphasise the need for continued local or regional studies to understand the highly variable ecological effects of coyotes within the diverse ecosystems they currently inhabit and are poised to inhabit.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 68%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion

et al. 2022

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“…The golden jackal is a medium‐sized opportunistic mesopredator with a broad range of food categories, including small mammals (mainly rodents), birds (and their eggs), amphibians, reptiles, invertebrates, and sporadically plants (especially fruits) (Farkas et al, 2017 ; Gherman & Mihalca, 2017 ; Lange et al, 2021 ; Lanszki et al, 2016 ; Penezić & Ćirović, 2015 ; Torretta et al, 2021 ). This flexible and generalist diet of the golden jackal is supposed to promote the currently observed area expansion (Hatlauf et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interacting with numerous other species (parasites, prey, and competitors) the golden jackal is part of complex food webs, predator–prey relationships, and host–parasite relationships (Gherman & Mihalca, 2017 ; Lange et al, 2021 ; Lanszki et al, 2016 ). The species plays a prominent role in the ecosystem as a canid mesopredator.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Balkan towards Western Europe: Range expansion of the golden jackal (Canis aureus)—A climatic niche modeling approach

Cunze

Klimpel

2022

Ecology and Evolution

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In recent decades, a rapid range expansion of the golden jackal ( Canis aureus ) towards Northern and Western Europe has been observed. The golden jackal is a medium‐sized canid, with a broad and flexible diet. Almost 200 different parasite species have been reported worldwide from C. aureus , including many parasites that are shared with dogs and cats and parasite species of public health concern. As parasites may follow the range shifts of their host, the range expansion of the golden jackal could be accompanied by changes in the parasite fauna in the new ecosystems. In the new distribution area, the golden jackal could affect ecosystem equilibrium, e.g., through changed competition situations or predation pressure. In a niche modeling approach, we project the future climatic habitat suitability of the golden jackal in Europe in the context of whether climatic changes promote range expansion. We use an ensemble forecast based on six presence‐absence algorithms to estimate the climatic suitability of C. aureus for different time periods up to the year 2100 considering different IPCC scenarios on future development. As predictor variables, we used six bioclimatic variables provided by worldclim. Our results clearly indicate that areas with climatic conditions analogous to those of the current core distribution area of the golden jackal in Europe will strongly expand towards the north and the west in future decades. Thus, the observed range expansion may be favored by climate change. The occurrence of stable populations can be expected in Central Europe. With regard to biodiversity and public health concerns, the population and range dynamics of the golden jackal should be surveyed. Correlative niche models provide a useful and frequently applied tool for this purpose. The results can help to make monitoring more efficient by identifying areas with suitable habitat and thus a higher probability of occurrence.

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“…The studies of geographical variation in diet composition of golden jackal indicated the influence of some abiotic and biotic factors (e.g. latitude, longitude, environmental productivity, land use, anthropogenic resources) on diet composition (Ćirović et al, 2016; Lange et al, 2021; Lanszki et al, 2016; Lanszki, Hayward, Ranc, & Zalewski, 2018; Tsunoda & Saito, 2020). However, these studies did not compare diet variation between historic and recently colonized ranges in relation to variation in biotic and abiotic conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary flexibility promotes range expansion: The case of golden jackals in Eurasia

Lanszki¹,

Hayward

Ranc

et al. 2022

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim Ongoing global changes can lead to the expansion of species' geographical range. Exploring the drivers of the successful ongoing expansion of the golden jackal across Europe is essential to understand the species' trophic ecology. We analysed which climatic and environmental factors affected the dietary composition of golden jackals and compared these drivers in the species' historic and recently colonized distribution ranges. Location Eurasia. Taxon Golden jackal (Canis aureus). Methods Using 40 published datasets, we modelled jackal diet composition using 13 food categories based on the relative frequency of occurrence of food items and trophic niche breadth (BA) against climatic and environmental factors from throughout the jackals' recently colonized (22 studies) and historic range (18 studies) using general additive models. Results The proportion of small mammals in golden jackal diet decreased with annual mean temperature, whereas the consumption of wild ungulates increased with environmental productivity. Increasing temperature and environmental productivity positively influenced niche breadth, while increasing precipitation negatively affected it. The recently colonized distribution range of golden jackals in Europe had a lower mean temperature but higher environmental productivity compared to the species' historic range in Eurasia. In the recently colonized range, jackals consumed small mammals and/or wild ungulates (mostly from scavenging) more frequently, and fewer plants and/or domestic animals (again, mostly from scavenging). Main Conclusions The golden jackal is an opportunistic, omnivorous carnivore with high dietary flexibility and biogeographical variation. Climatic and environmental factors shape the species' diet composition, which, in a changing environment, greatly enhances the opportunities for golden jackals to colonize new areas successfully. Golden jackals will likely continue to expand their range in the foreseeable future. The species' trophic niche is expected to broaden with predictions of overall increasing temperatures and reduced precipitation.

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Diet composition of the golden jackal Canis aureus in south‐east Europe – a review

Cited by 30 publications

References 31 publications

Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion

Coyote diet in North America: geographic and ecological patterns during range expansion

From the Balkan towards Western Europe: Range expansion of the golden jackal (Canis aureus)—A climatic niche modeling approach

Dietary flexibility promotes range expansion: The case of golden jackals in Eurasia

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