Diet-induced prediabetes: effects of exercise treatment on risk factors for cardiovascular complications

Luvuno, Mluleki; Khathi, Andile; Mabandla, Musa V.

doi:10.1186/s12986-021-00573-0

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…In contrast to long-term chronic hyperglycaemia, acute blood glucose fluctuations can induce oxidative stress, increasing monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells, increasing endothelial cell apoptosis and exacerbating vascular injury [ 152 ]. In contrast, regular or intermittent exercise improves oxidative stress biomarkers and delays or prevents the development of prediabetes into diabetes [ 153 , 154 ]. In diabetic mice, four weeks of exercise was shown to reduce ERS and oxidative stress by inducing AMPK-PPARδ activation, increasing NO bioavailability in endothelial cells and vascular tissue, improving vascular endothelial function, and providing a potentially effective target for the treatment of diabetic vasculopathy [ 155 ].…”

Section: Effect Of Targeting Oxidative Stress In Diabetes-induced End...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction

An,

Xu,

Wan

et al. 2023

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease characterized by long-term hyperglycaemia, which leads to microangiopathy and macroangiopathy and ultimately increases the mortality of diabetic patients. Endothelial dysfunction, which has been recognized as a key factor in the pathogenesis of diabetic microangiopathy and macroangiopathy, is characterized by a reduction in NO bioavailability. Oxidative stress, which is the main pathogenic factor in diabetes, is one of the major triggers of endothelial dysfunction through the reduction in NO. In this review, we summarize the four sources of ROS in the diabetic vasculature and the underlying molecular mechanisms by which the pathogenic factors hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia, adipokines and insulin resistance induce oxidative stress in endothelial cells in the context of diabetes. In addition, we discuss oxidative stress-targeted interventions, including hypoglycaemic drugs, antioxidants and lifestyle interventions, and their effects on diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction. In summary, our review provides comprehensive insight into the roles of oxidative stress in diabetes-induced endothelial dysfunction.

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Section: Effect Of Targeting Oxidative Stress In Diabetes-induced End...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction

An,

Xu,

Wan

et al. 2023

Cardiovasc Diabetol

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“…Our laboratory has established a pre-diabetic rat model that mimics the human condition. Using this model, we investigated changes in the activity of the cardiovascular system, the functioning of organs such as the kidney and liver, and physiological systems such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the pre-diabetic state 85–88. The HPA axis and immune systems have also been observed in the pre-diabetic state 89 90.…”

Section: Pre-diabetes: Can Moderate Hyperglycemia Have the Same Effec...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using this model, we investigated changes in the activity of the cardiovascular system, the functioning of organs such as the kidney and liver, and physiological systems such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in the prediabetic state. [85][86][87][88] The HPA axis and immune systems have also been observed in the pre-diabetic state. 89 90 In a study by Mosili and colleagues, hyperactivity of the HPA axis was observed in the pre-diabetic state.…”

Section: Effects Of Immune System Dysregulation Due To Hyperglycemia ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of the direct and indirect effects of hyperglycemia on the HPA axis in T2DM and the co-occurrence of depression

Mosili,

Mkhize,

Sibiya

et al. 2024

BMJ Open Diab Res Care

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia which is further associated with hyperactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. Several studies have shown that HPA axis hyperactivity is heightened in the chronic hyperglycemic state with severe hyperglycemic events more likely to result in a depressive disorder. The HPA axis is also regulated by the immune system. Upon stress, under homeostatic conditions, the immune system is activated via the sympatho-adrenal-medullary axis resulting in an immune response which secretes proinflammatory cytokines. These cytokines aid in the activation of the HPA axis during stress. However, in T2DM, where there is persistent hyperglycemia, the immune system is dysregulated resulting in the elevated concentrations of these cytokines. The HPA axis, already activated by the hyperglycemia, is further activated by the cytokines which all contribute to a diagnosis of depression in patients with T2DM. However, the onset of T2DM is often preceded by pre-diabetes, a reversible state of moderate hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Complications often seen in T2DM have been reported to begin in the pre-diabetic state. While the current management strategies have been shown to ameliorate the moderate hyperglycemic state and decrease the risk of developing T2DM, research is necessary for clinical studies to profile these direct effects of moderate hyperglycemia in pre-diabetes on the HPA axis and the indirect effects moderate hyperglycemia may have on the HPA axis by investigating the components of the immune system that play a role in regulating this pathway.

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“…Reduced (NO) levels were observed in (T2D) patients, which is in agreement with the results reported in a previous study 57,63 . Overproduction of (NO) is associated with various inflammatory conditions, including diabetes [64][65][66][67][68] . The results of this study show a decrease in plasma triglyceride and LDL-C levels and an increase in HDL-C levels.…”

Section: Oxidative Stress Biomarkersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2022

IJPSR

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Background:The aim of this study is to evaluate metformin and insulin effects on metabolic disorders and oxydatif stress markers, in Algerian men with T2D, in order to recommend the best treatment, which can minimize diabetes complications and recommend/or not a combination between metformin and insulin. Patients and Methods: We made this study on 120 subjects men divided into four groups (30 healthy control, 30 T2D without treatment, 30 T2D with metformin, and 30 T2D with insulin). Blood samples are collected for the determination of biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, and cholesterol, high and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol) and oxidative markers (superoxide anion, nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, carbonyl proteins, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, vitamin C, catalase, glutathione). Results: Compared with healthy subjects, diabetic patients had altered lipid levels (cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL cholesterol) and high levels of pro-oxidant intra-cellular markers (O2•-, CP and MDA) associated to low concentrations of anti-oxidants (Vitamin C, catalase, and GSH). Our results show that insulin reduces more lipid parameters than metformin, moreover, the oxidant/antioxidant status became normal in patients treated with metformin Conclusion: Insulin treatment is more efficient than metformin treatment in improving the lipid profile. In addition, metformin, which reversed redox changes associated with diabetes and insulin, which improve all lipid profiles, should be prescribed in combination, especially in type 2 diabetes patients with hypertriglyceridemia and with severe oxidative stress.INTRODUCTION: Several lipid disorders have been observed in diabetics and play a key role in the incidence of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality 1-5 .

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Diet-induced prediabetes: effects of exercise treatment on risk factors for cardiovascular complications

Cited by 10 publications

References 68 publications

The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction

The role of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus-induced vascular endothelial dysfunction

Review of the direct and indirect effects of hyperglycemia on the HPA axis in T2DM and the co-occurrence of depression

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