Diet-induced reconstruction of mucosal microbiota associated with alterations of epithelium lectin expression and regulation in the maintenance of rumen homeostasis

Abstract

It is unknown whether lectins of the rumen epithelium contribute to the recognition of mucosal microbes and activation of tolerogenic cytokines in ruminant animals. We applied an integrated method of RNA-seq and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to investigate alterations of epithelial lectin expression and regulation with a diet-induced reconstruction of the mucosal microbiota in the goat rumen. Our results showed that the diversity and richness of the rumen mucosal microbiota were promoted by the dietary concentrate. Meantime, in the rumen epithelium, five lectin genes, namely, sialic acid-binding Ig-like lectin 14 (LOC102180073), C-type lectin domain family 4, member E (CLEC4E), C-type lectin domain family 7, member A (CLEC7A), C-type lectin domain family 16, member A (CLEC16A), and lectin, mannose-binding 2 (LMAN2), were indicated to promote the expression of 8 tolerogenic cytokines, transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFB1) and 4 enzyme genes involved in retinoic acid biosynthesis via 6 signaling pathways. Analysis of the combined data showed that 9 microbial genera (Clostridium_IV, Desulfobulbus, Eubacterium, Ochrobactrum, Propionibacterium, Pseudomonas, Slackia, Staphylococcus and Subdivision5_genera_IS) were highly related to the expression of functional lectins. These findings provide new insights into the interactions between the rumen epithelium and mucosal microbiota in the maintenance of rumen homeostasis.

Dietary forage to concentrate ratios impact on yak ruminal microbiota and metabolites

“…Dietary and nutrient compositions are important factors affecting rumen microbiota in ruminants ( Yáñez-Ruiz et al, 2015 ). An appropriate diet concentrate to forage ratio not only improves rumen microbiota ( Shen et al, 2017 ) but also promotes the growth and development of ruminants. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary concentrate to forage ratio on rumen microbiota and metabolome in yaks.…”

Potential roles of nitrate and live yeast culture in suppressing methane emission and influencing ruminal fermentation, digestibility, and milk production in lactating Jersey cows

“…They also have enzymes capable of degrading glycoproteins such as those found in mucins. Family Prevotellaceae (in Bacteroidales order, as is BS11) and Lachnospiraceae (which includes genus Butyrivibrio, which exceeded 10% of the relative sequence abundance in the rumen epithelium) were associated with degrading specific compounds in the rumen mucosa of goats (Shen et al, 2017). Peptostreptococcus was greater in the rumen and especially the feces than the rumen epithelium but still was included as a dominant member of the epithelium (Liu et al, 2016).…”

Telocytes as a Novel Structural Component in the Muscle Layers of the Goat Rumen

“…Its specific structure and function play an important role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients 22 . Previous studies of the GIT have focused primarily on the microorganisms and epithelial cells involved in nutrient digestion and uptake [22][23][24][25] . However, in recent years, gastrointestinal functional disorders associated with regulation between the enteric nervous system (ENS) and SMCs, such as rumen impaction and rumen flatulence, have had a tremendous effect on stock breeing [26][27][28][29] and further research is needed.…”