Diet of lactating women and allergic reactions in their infants

Palmer, Debra J.; Makrides, Maria

doi:10.1097/01.mco.0000222113.46042.50

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The recommendations in 1998 by the Department of Health, Committee on Toxicity of Chemicals in Food, Consumer Products and the Environment, that atopic mothers may wish to avoid dietary antigens such as egg white and nuts during pregnancy and lactation, follows a similar line of reasoning. However, recent results indicate that avoidance of such dietary components has not had the desired result [9,10] ; instead, initial exposure via inflamed skin has been suggested as a trigger for hypersensitivity [11,12] . The opposite hypothesis has been put forward recently.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oral Antigen and Antibody Exposure at Birth on Subsequent Immune Status

Haverson

Corfield

Jones

et al. 2009

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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Background: The purpose of this work was to investigate the effects of early low-level exposure to either antigen or antibody alone on subsequent immune responses in entirely immunologically naïve animals. This is impossible in species with a permeable placenta such as rodents or humans, where both antigen and antibody can be transferred in utero. It is, however, possible in pigs, due to the impermeable placenta of the sow. Thus, neonatal piglets were used for this study. Methods: Newborn piglets were exposed to ovalbumin (OVA) at dosages similar to those used in rodents to sensitise, as well as to serum containing anti-OVA antibodies. Results: Both single low doses of OVA (10 and 1,000 mg per animal) induced classical oral tolerance following a systemic challenge: both doses reduced specific systemic IgG responses and tertiary in vitro recall proliferative responses by splenocytes and especially by mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cells. Additionally, dietary challenge had phenotypic effects on helper T cells in MLN, which could be reversed by OVA at birth. In contrast, giving antibody as serum collected from hyperimmune or orally tolerant pigs had no functional effects. Conclusions: Overall, our data support the hypothesis that contrary to previous work in rodents, very early exposure of neonatal pigs to a single small dose of antigen can reduce subsequent immune responses. This may have implications for human health. However, although these data point to a reducing/regulatory effect of low doses of antigen in very young animals, they cannot be extrapolated directly to allergy.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oral Antigen and Antibody Exposure at Birth on Subsequent Immune Status

Haverson

Corfield

Jones

et al. 2009

Int Arch Allergy Immunol

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“…The initial introduction route and dosage of antigens can have a strong influence on the development of allergies [32]. Breast milk, for instance, carries allergens that can mediate immune tolerance to these molecules and prevent food allergy [77] and asthma [78]. After weaning, various food components are also involved in immune modulation (Fig.…”

Section: Engineering the Microbiota For Therapeutic Purposes Diet Shamentioning

confidence: 98%

Engineering the Microbiome: a Novel Approach to Immunotherapy for Allergic and Immune Diseases

Shen

Clemente

2015

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep

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The incidence of immune disorders is growing parallel with practices associated with westernization, such as dietary changes, increased use of antibiotics, or elevated rates of Cesarean section. These practices can significantly impact the gut microbiota, the collection of bacteria residing in the human gastrointestinal tract, and subsequently disrupt the delicate balance existing between commensal flora and host immune responses. Restoring this balance by modifying the microbiota has thus emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. Here, we discuss the interaction between gut commensals and immunity, along with the potential of different interventions on the microbiota as treatment for inflammatory and allergic diseases.

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“…However, such strategy has not yielded the expected results as food allergy has continued to rise over the last decade and prospective studies assessing allergen avoidance have failed to show a significant long-term reduction in food allergy rates [22,24,25]. However, there is no direct correlation between maternal food antigen intake and their concentrations in breast milk [26]. Therefore, from avoidance recommendation, one cannot predict the levels of food antigens in breast milk and the potential impact on allergy exacerbation or prevention or on immune response in the breastfed child.…”

Section: Evidence That Breastfeeding Can Affect Actively Immune Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, the presence of antigens in breast milk derived from maternal diet is well described, and presence of antigens from peanut, wheat and egg can be found in human milk in the range of nanograms per millilitre [21,22]. In adults, allergy prevention is classically based on allergen avoidance.…”

Section: Evidence That Breastfeeding Can Affect Actively Immune Respomentioning

confidence: 99%

Is infant immunization by breastfeeding possible?

Verhasselt¹

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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Breastfeeding is known as the most efficient way to prevent infectious disease in early life. Maternal anti-microbial immunoglobulins transfer through milk confers passive immunity to the breastfed child while his immune system is maturing. Maternal milk also contains bioactive factors that will stimulate this maturation. From the literature on breastfeeding prevention of immune-mediated disease and more specifically from our experiments conducted in the field of allergic disease prevention, we propose that breastfeeding may also induce antigen-specific immune responses in the breastfed child. We found that early oral antigen exposure through breast milk leads to tolerance or immune priming depending on the nature of the antigen transferred and accompanying maternal milk cofactors. Here, we will discuss our data in the light of prevention of infectious disease and will propose that possible milk transfer of microbial antigen could affect actively the immune response in breastfed children and thereby their long-term susceptibility to infectious disease. Further research in this direction may lead to novel strategies of early life vaccination, taking advantage of the possibility to stimulate antigen-specific immune responses through breast milk.

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Diet of lactating women and allergic reactions in their infants

Abstract: Current data do not support the use of maternal antigen-avoidance diets during lactation as a strategy to prevent childhood allergies. Controlled trials are required to evaluate the efficacy of maternal dietary n-3 fatty acid interventions in preventing allergic disease in at-risk infants.

Cited by 40 publications

References 54 publications

Effect of Oral Antigen and Antibody Exposure at Birth on Subsequent Immune Status

Effect of Oral Antigen and Antibody Exposure at Birth on Subsequent Immune Status

Engineering the Microbiome: a Novel Approach to Immunotherapy for Allergic and Immune Diseases

Is infant immunization by breastfeeding possible?

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