Diet Quality According to Mental Status and Associated Factors during Adulthood in Spain

Abstract

Common mental disorders (CMD) are characterized by non-psychotic depressive symptoms, anxiety and somatic complaints, which affect the performance of daily activities. This study aimed to analyze prevalence of diet quality among adults with and without CMD from 2006 to 2017, to study the frequency of food consumption and diet quality according to mental status and age, and to determine which sociodemographic, lifestyle and health-related factors are associated with poor/moderate diet quality, according to mental status. A nationwide cross-sectional study was performed in adults with (n = 12,545) and without CMD (n = 48,079). The data were obtained from three Spanish National Health Surveys (2006, 2011/2012 and 2017). Two logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with diet quality in people with and without CMD. Among those with CMD, the probability of having poor/moderate diet quality was significantly lower for overweight or obese people and those who took part in leisure-time physical activity. Among those without CMD, university graduates were less likely to have a poor/moderate diet quality. Good diet quality was observed more in older adults (≥65 years old) than in emerging (18–24 years old) or young adults (25–44 years old), regardless of mental status.

Factors Related to Diet Quality: A Cross-Sectional Study of 1055 University Students

“…The present results are similar to those previously obtained by using SHEI to study Spanish university students [ 22 , 41 , 42 , 43 ]. They are, however, distinctly lower than the results from studies of the general Spanish population, for which between 28% and 35.8% of the participants reported having a healthy diet [ 26 , 27 , 29 ]. These results could be explained in two ways that are not mutually exclusive.…”

“…In Spain, there have been numerous studies on the DQ of the general population [ 7 , 26 , 27 , 28 ] and even clinical populations [ 29 , 30 ]. That said, more targeted work on the DQ of young people and university students in particular has been scarcer, and the studies that do exist have generally relied on small samples and somewhat indirect approximations of DQ based on the adherence to the Mediterranean diet.…”

Influência dos padrões dietéticos no transtorno de ansiedade

“…fatores que impactam positivamente na sintomatologia de transtornos mentais comuns como a ansiedade. O estudode Cebrino et al (2021) realizado na Espanha, sugeriu que o consumo 'nunca ou quase nunca' de frios e cortes, doces, refrigerantes com açúcar foi menor entre os participantes sem TMC. Pessoas sem TMC atendem mais às orientações em relação ao consumo de pães/grãos, frutas, laticínios e leguminosas.…”