Diet quality, consumption of seafood and eggs are associated with sleep quality among Chinese urban adults: A cross‐sectional study in eight cities of China

Abstract

Growing evidence has suggested that dietary modification is implicated with sleep alteration. Our study aimed to determine whether an association between diet in terms of diet quality, certain food consumption, and dietary nutrients intake and sleep quality existed in Chinese urban adults, which has been fully investigated. A cross‐sectional study was conducted among urban adults from eight Chinese cities. Total of 1,548 participants remained in the final analysis. Sleep quality was evaluated by the Chinese version of the Pittsburg Sleep Questionnaire Index. Diet quality, evaluated by Chinese Healthy Diet Index, and dietary intake, including food groups and nutrients, were derived from a semiquantitative Food Intake Frequencies Questionnaire and a single 24‐hr dietary recall. The relationship between dietary variables and sleep quality was examined using multivariable logistic regression models. Logistic regression analysis indicated that better diet quality, which features greater food diversity, higher ingestion of fruits and fish, along with higher seafood consumption, lower eggs consumption, and higher total energy intake, was significantly associated with lower risk of poor sleep quality in the crude model and the fully adjusted model with adjustment for gender, age, self‐rated health condition, self‐assessed mental stress, smoking, hypertension, and BMI. Therefore, we reached a conclusion that diet quality and certain food consumption were related to sleep quality. Although the associations observed in the cross‐sectional study require further investigation in prospective studies, dietary intervention, such as enhancement in food diversity and consumption of fruits and seafood, might serve as a probable strategy for sleep improvement.

Associations of Dietary ω-3, ω-6 Fatty Acids Consumption with Sleep Disorders and Sleep Duration among Adults

“…Multiple epidemiological researchers have examined the relationship between ω-3 fatty acids or foods rich in ω-3 fatty acids (such as oily fish) and sleep. In observational studies, higher fish consumption was associated with better sleep quality [ 28 , 45 , 46 ]. Komada et al [ 47 ] also found that the intake of fish and shellfish was correlated with ideal sleep duration in Japanese men.…”

Sleep as a Priority: 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Mental Health of Chinese College Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic

“…In the current study, MVPA time was represented by the total weekly accumulation of minutes spent on vigorous and moderate PA. Sleep duration was measured by the question from the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI): “During the past month, how many hours of actual sleep did you get at night?” [ 26 ]. Chinese versions of IPAQ-SF and PSQI have been widely used among the Chinese population and have shown good psychometric properties [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 ]. According to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Adults aged 18–64 years, college students should achieve sufficient sleep (7 to 9 h per night), minimize SB (accumulated 8 h or less per day), and be physically active (at least 150 min of moderate to vigorous PA [MVPA] per week) in a healthy 24 h, so participants who reach criteria above were considered as meeting the 24-hour movement guidelines.…”

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) Score and Its Association with Sleep Quality in a National Survey of Middle-Aged and Older Men and Women

“…In terms of sleep duration, studies showed that longer sleeping was linked to healthier dietary patterns that are rich in vegetables and higher in protein intake [15,16]. Similarly, good sleep quality was also associated with better diet, mostly featuring higher food diversity and lower fat intake [17][18][19]. Several mechanisms underly the relationship between diet quality and sleep patterns.…”