Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Dalwood, Phoebe; Marshall, Skye; Burrows, Tracy; McIntosh, Ashleigh; Collins, Clare E.

doi:10.1186/s12937-020-00632-x

Cited by 81 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 185 publications

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“…The Dietary Guidelines Index for Children and Adolescents (DGI-CA) was used to assess the diet quality of children’s diets [ 41 , 42 , 43 ]. The DGI-CA was calculated based on 11 components (5 core food groups; intake of wholegrain bread and reduced-fat dairy foods; intake of extra foods that are nutrient poor and high in fat, salt, and added sugars; healthy fats and oils; water; and diet variety).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Diet quality of the current and healthier, low-cost diets, using validated diet quality indices. ( a ) HEIFA-2013 (Healthy Eating Index for Australian Adults) [ 40 ] assessment of the adult male and adult female current and healthier, low-cost diets, from each of the low and medium SES households; ( b ) DGI-CA (Dietary Guidelines Index for Children and Adolescents) [ 41 , 42 , 43 ] assessment of the male and female children’s current and healthier, low-cost diets, from each of the low and medium SES households. Statistical significance is denoted by * p < 0.005.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Diet and Economic Modelling to Improve the Quality and Affordability of the Australian Diet for Low and Medium Socioeconomic Households

Blumfield

Starck

Keighley

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Food costs are a barrier to healthier diet selections, particularly for low socioeconomic households who regularly choose processed foods containing refined grains, added sugars, and added fats. In this study, the objectives were to: (i) identify the nutrient density-to-cost ratio of Australian foods; (ii) model the impact of substituting foods with lower nutrient density-to-cost ratio with those with the highest nutrient density-to-cost ratio for diet quality and affordability in low and medium socioeconomic households; and (iii) evaluate food processing levels. Foods were categorized, coded for processing level, analysed for nutrient density and cost, and ranked by nutrient density-to-cost ratio. The top quartile of nutrient dense, low-cost foods included 54% unprocessed (vegetables and reduced fat dairy), 33% ultra-processed (fortified wholegrain bread and breakfast cereals <20 g sugars/100 g), and 13% processed (fruit juice and canned legumes). Using substitution modelling, diet quality improved by 52% for adults and 71% for children across all households, while diet affordability improved by 25% and 27% for low and medium socioeconomic households, respectively. The results indicate that the quality and affordability of the Australian diet can be improved when nutritious, low-cost foods are selected. Processing levels in the healthier modelled diets suggest that some ultra-processed foods may provide a beneficial source of nutrition when consumed within national food group recommendations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Diet and Economic Modelling to Improve the Quality and Affordability of the Australian Diet for Low and Medium Socioeconomic Households

Blumfield

Starck

Keighley

et al. 2021

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To our knowledge no such tool has been developed as yet. Moreover, the DQI-I has not been validated for micronutrients (17,29). To overcome this limitation, we analyzed the data as for individual nutrient intake, in addition to DQI-I.…”

Section: Limitations and Strengthsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With recent evidence suggesting that growth issues are no longer considered as a major problem in pediatric patients with FA on elimination diet, the significance of establishing healthy eating patterns to prevent non-communicable diseases makes the diet quality during this sensitive period of life ever so important, shifting priority from quantity to quality (4,(14)(15)(16). This priority highlights the importance of accurately assessing the diet quality of children with FA utilizing tools appropriate for pediatric population (17).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet Quality: A Neglected Parameter in Children With Food Allergies. A Cross–Sectional Study

et al. 2021

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Background-Objective: With recent evidence suggesting that growth is no longer considered a major issue in children with food allergies (FA) on elimination diet, priority has shifted to diet quality to establish healthy eating patterns and prevent non-communicable diseases. The Diet Quality Index – International (DQI-I) could be useful for assessing the overall diet quality of FA-children. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of elimination diet on DQI-I in children with FA and the accuracy of DQI-I in reflecting nutrient intake.Materials-methods: In a prospective, cross-sectional, cohort study of FA-children (2–14 years), nutritional intake was evaluated using a 7-day food frequency questionnaire, 24-h dietary recall, and the DQI-I.Results: Of the 76 children recruited, 44.7% had multiple allergies. Mean overall DQI-I score was 52 points, with only 28% of participants having good overall DQI-I (≥60 points). DQI-I moderation and balance were the most affected domains. Participants with multiple allergies had higher DQI-I moderation and balance and lower vitamin D and Ca intake. Compared to toddlers, schoolchildren had higher DQI-I variety and lower moderation and received higher vitamin B2, vitamin B12, Ca, P, and Zn. The number of allergies, age, and milk avoidance were independently associated with adjusted DQI-I moderation and balance, energy, and certain micronutrient intake. Higher percentages of participants with good DQI-I received adequate amounts of Mn and vitamins A, B6, C, and folate than those with poor DQI-I.Conclusions: In children with FA on elimination diet, the DQI-I accurately captured the deflection of diet quality related to the development of chronic, non-communicable diseases through its moderation and balance components. This is DQI-I's main purpose as a healthy diet indicator and as such it would be a useful tool responding to the needs of the contemporary shifting of priorities in FA-children's diet from quantity to quality. Nevertheless, it does not accurately reflect the intake of certain micronutrients potentially compromised by elimination diets. Therefore, regular nutritional assessment utilizing both the DQI-I and tools assessing individual nutrient intakes along with professional nutrition counseling should be integral parts of the individualized management of children with FA to ensure adequate nutrient intake and establish healthy dietary patterns.

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“…Mortality is obviously intended for epidemiological studies of community-dwelling older adults. Many health-related factors associated with mortality interact with each other [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 ]. Therefore, health-related factors associated with mortality comprise a complex structure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mortality- and Health-Related Factors in a Community-Dwelling of Oldest-Older Adults at the Age of 90: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

Nomura

Shimada

Kakuta

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Mortality is obviously intended for epidemiological studies of community-dwelling older adults. There are several health-related factors associated with nutritional status and mortality. The aim of this study was to elucidate the risk factor for mortality in community-dwelling oldest-older adults at the age of 90 and clarify the structure of health-related factors associated with mortality. A 10-year follow-up study was performed for 93 subjects at the age of 90. The mean and median of their survival days were 2373 and 2581 days for women, and 1694 and 1793 days for men. By Cox’s proportional hazards model, health-related factors associated with mortality were self-assessed for chewing ability, activities of daily living (ADLs), serum albumin, total cholesterol, serum creatinine, and gripping power for women but not for men. These factors interacted with each other, and the association of these factors was different in women and men. Self-assessed chewing ability was a powerful risk factor for mortality in women at the age of 90. It acted independently from nutritional status. For older adults, addressing healthy food choices together with improved oral functions is useful. However, risk factors for mortality may depend on the life stage of subjects. To investigate the risk factor for the mortality, the life course approach is necessary.

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Diet quality indices and their associations with health-related outcomes in children and adolescents: an updated systematic review

Cited by 81 publications

References 185 publications

Diet and Economic Modelling to Improve the Quality and Affordability of the Australian Diet for Low and Medium Socioeconomic Households

Diet and Economic Modelling to Improve the Quality and Affordability of the Australian Diet for Low and Medium Socioeconomic Households

Diet Quality: A Neglected Parameter in Children With Food Allergies. A Cross–Sectional Study

Mortality- and Health-Related Factors in a Community-Dwelling of Oldest-Older Adults at the Age of 90: A 10-Year Follow-Up Study

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