Diet Quality Scores and Asthenoteratozoospermia Risk: Finding From a Hospital-Based Case–Control Study in China

Cui, Qi; Wang, Hui-Han; Wu, Qi‐Jun; Wang, Xiaobin; Guo, Renhao; Leng, Xu; Tan, Xiaoling; Du, Qiyun; Pan, Bochen

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.859143

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Based on their findings, they recommended that clinical practitioners promote healthy eating habits as a means of improving semen quality. In a study of 254 cases and 633 controls, Cui et al ( 41 ) observed that higher scores on the Chinese Health Eating Index (CHEI), the Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI), and DASH were associated with reduced asthenozoospermia risk. CHEI is used to evaluate diet quality according to the Dietary Guidelines for Chinese people, which recommend a high intake of cereal (especially whole grains), tubers, legumes, fruit, dairy products, soybeans, fish and shellfish, poultry, eggs, seeds, and nuts, and a low intake of red meat, cooking oil, sodium, added sugars, and alcohol.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality—a systematic review

Piera-Jordan,

Prieto Huecas,

Serrano De La Cruz Delgado

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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Currently, there is a growing interest in the study of fertility because fertility-related problems affect up to 15% of the world’s population. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality in men of reproductive age. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA method. Electronic searches were carried out in the international databases PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. In total, 10 articles with 2032 men were included. As inclusion criteria, articles published between 2012 and 2022 were selected, including those that included men aged between 18 and 55 years. Nutritional status was assessed through weight, height, and BMI. Dietary habits were evaluated through different indexes and food frequency questionnaires, and finally, semen quality was evaluated by measuring sperm concentration and motility (progressive and non-progressive). In six (60%) of the included articles, a positive relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and semen quality was demonstrated; in two (20%) of the articles, no association was found; and finally, in two (20%) of the included articles, the relationship between dietary patterns typical of DM and semen quality was evaluated. Dietary habits influence semen quality. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can improve male reproductive health, as it is a diet with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. This is the first systematic review about the influence of the Mediterranean diet on semen quality, and the results are positive. These findings may allow us to provide better advice to our patients and to establish interventions with the aim of improving the results of assisted reproduction techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality—a systematic review

Piera-Jordan,

Prieto Huecas,

Serrano De La Cruz Delgado

et al. 2024

Front. Nutr.

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“…All participants were required to complete a structured and self-administered health status questionnaire through face-to-face interviews by trained professional personnel. We further excluded participants with incomplete information (n = 70), an implausible total caloric intake (<800 or >4200 kcal/day) (n = 18), and history of varicocele (n = 3) ( Cui et al , 2022 ; Liu et al , 2022 ). Finally, 146 cases and 581 controls were eligible for the final analysis ( Fig.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Considering that there may be interactions among different types of phytochemicals, Model 3 was mutually adjusted for different types of phytochemical intake included in the study. Covariates for the final models were determined based on the correlation with phytochemical, clinical significance, and previous studies ( Wang et al , 2021 ; Cui et al , 2022 ; Zhao et al , 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical consumption and the risk of teratozoospermia: findings from a hospital-based case–control study in China

Zhao

Wang

et al. 2023

Human Reproduction Open

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STUDY QUESTION Are dietary phytochemicals associated with the risk of teratozoospermia? SUMMARY ANSWER Dietary intake of carotene, including total carotene, α-carotene, β-carotene as well as retinol equivalent, and lutein + zeaxanthin, were inversely correlated with the risk of teratozoospermia. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Phytochemicals are natural plant derived bioactive compounds, which have been reported to be potentially associated with male reproductive health. To date, no study has investigated the association between phytochemical intake and the risk of teratozoospermia. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This hospital-based case-control study, which included 146 newly diagnosed teratozoospermia cases and 581 controls with normozoospermia from infertile couples, was conducted in a hospital-based infertility clinic in China, from June 2020 to December 2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Dietary information was collected using a validated semi-quantitative 110-item food frequency questionnaire. Unconditional logistic regression was applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs for the associations between phytochemical (i.e., phytosterol, carotene, flavonoid, isoflavone, anthocyanidin, lutein + zeaxanthin, and resveratrol) intake and the risk of teratozoospermia. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We observed a decreased risk of teratozoospermia for the highest compared with the lowest tertile consumption of total carotene (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.21-0.77), α-carotene (OR = 0.53, 95% CI = 0.30-0.93), β-carotene (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.25-0.88), retinol equivalent (OR = 0.47, 95% CI = 0.24-0.90), and lutein + zeaxanthin (OR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.19-0.66), with all of the associations showing evident linear trends (all P trend < 0.05). In addition, significant dose-response associations were observed between campestanol and α-carotene consumption and the risk of teratozoospermia. Moreover, there was a significant multiplicative interaction between BMI and lutein + zeaxanthin intake (P interaction < 0.05). LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The cases and controls were not a random sample of the entire target population, which could lead to admission rate bias. Nevertheless, the controls were enrolled from the same infertility clinic, which could reduce the bias caused by selection and increase the comparability. Furthermore, our study only included a Chinese population, therefore caution is required regarding generalization of our findings to other populations. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Dietary phytochemicals, namely carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin, might exert a positive effect on teratozoospermia. These phytochemicals are common in the daily diet and dietary supplements, and thus may provide a preventive intervention for teratozoospermia. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) : This study was funded by Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No. 2022-MS-219 to XB Wang), Outstanding Scientific Fund of Shengjing Hospital (No. M1150 to QJ Wu), Clinical Research Cultivation Project of Shengjing hospital (No. M0071 to BC Pan), and JieBangGuaShuai Project of Liaoning Province (No.2021JH1/1040050 to YH Zhao). All authors declare that there is no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A. WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR PATIENTS? Teratozoospermia, a condition which is characterized by the majority of sperm having an abnormal structure, is a common cause of male infertility yet, at present, there is no effective treatment. Available evidence indicates that several physiological, environmental, and genetic factors may cause teratozoospermia, but these factors are difficult to modify. Therefore, the identification of factors that could be changed is important for the prevention of teratozoospermia. Previous studies also report that diet, as a potentially modifiable factor, is correlated to sperm morphology. Phytochemicals are a group of naturally bioactive compounds that exist in multiple plant foods, and they may have effects on sperm quality. However, based on only a few studies, current evidence for an association between dietary phytochemical intake and risk of teratozoospermia is inconclusive. Hence, we performed a large case-control study where we compared 146 men with teratozoospermia to 581 healthy controls with normal sperm. Our results showed that dietary intake of phytochemicals, specifically carotene and lutein + zeaxanthin, was linked to a decreased risk of teratozoospermia. These findings shed some light on the effect of phytochemicals on the development of teratozoospermia. If further studies, also in non-Chinese populations, are carried out and confirm our results, the possibility may then exist to reduce sperm abnormalities in this condition through diet.

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“…Dietary information was measured via a verified 110-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline, which was performed by experienced and well-trained personnel. The FFQ was designed to evaluate the frequency of dietary intake and supplement use over the past year before admission to the infertility clinic ( Cui et al , 2022b ; Huang et al , 2023 ), and its validity and reliability have been proved by our previous research ( Liu et al , 2021 ; Wang et al , 2021a ; Cui et al , 2022a ). The reproducibility coefficients were above 0.5 for most food groups, and Spearman correlation coefficients ranged from 0.3 to 0.7 for most food groups between weighed diet records and the FFQ ( Cui et al , 2022b ; Liu et al , 2022 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary fat and fatty acid consumptions and the odds of asthenozoospermia: a case–control study in China

Zhao

Wang

Leng

et al. 2023

Human Reproduction Open

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STUDY QUESTION Are dietary fat and fatty acid intakes related to the odds of asthenozoospermia? SUMMARY ANSWER Plant-based fat consumption was associated with decreased asthenozoospermia odds, while the consumption of animal-based monounsaturated fatty acid was positively related to asthenozoospermia odds. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Dietary fat and fatty acid are significant ingredients of a daily diet, which have been demonstrated that were correlated to reproductive health of men. However, to date, evidence on fat and fatty acid associations with the odds of asthenozoospermia is unclear. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION The hospital-based case-control study was performed in an infertility clinic from June 2020 to December 2020. Briefly, 549 asthenozoospermia cases and 581 controls with normozoospermia were available for final analyses. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We collected dietary data through a verified food frequency questionnaire of 110 food items. Asthenozoospermia cases were ascertained according to the World Health Organization guidelines. To investigate the correlations of dietary fat and fatty acid consumption with the odds of asthenozoospermia, we calculated the odds ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CIs though unconditional logistic regression models. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Relative to the lowest tertile of consumption, the highest tertile of plant-based fat intake was inversely correlated to the odds of asthenozoospermia (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.50-0.91), with a significant dose-response relation (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.75-0.97, per standard deviation increment). Inversely, animal-based monounsaturated fatty acid intake (OR = 1.49, 95% CI = 1.04-2.14) was significantly correlated to increased odds of asthenozoospermia, and an evident dose-response relation was also detected (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.05-1.45, per standard deviation increment). Subgroup analyses showed similar patterns of associations to those of the primary results. Moreover, we observed significant interactions on both multiplicative and additive scales between animal-based monounsaturated fatty acid and cigarette smoking. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Selection bias and recall bias were unavoidable in any of the observational studies. As we failed to obtain the information of trans-fatty acid consumption, the relation of trans-fatty acid intake and asthenozoospermia odds was unclear. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study firstly indicated that different sources of fat and fatty acids might exert different effects on the etiology of asthenozoospermia, and cigarette smoking could exacerbate the adverse effect of high animal-based monounsaturated fatty acid intake on asthenozoospermia. Our findings provide novel evidence pertaining to the fields of prevention of asthenozoospermia through decreasing animal-derived fat and fatty acid consumption and smoking cessation. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the JieBangGuaShuai Project of Liaoning Province, Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province, Clinical Research Cultivation Project of Shengjing Hospital, and Outstanding Scientific Fund of Shengjing Hospital. All authors have no conflict of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Not applicable.

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Diet Quality Scores and Asthenoteratozoospermia Risk: Finding From a Hospital-Based Case–Control Study in China

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

Influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality—a systematic review

Influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality—a systematic review

Phytochemical consumption and the risk of teratozoospermia: findings from a hospital-based case–control study in China

Dietary fat and fatty acid consumptions and the odds of asthenozoospermia: a case–control study in China

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