Dietary and botanical anxiolytics

Alramadhan, Elham; Hanna, Mirna S.; M, Hanna; Goldstein, Todd; Avila, Samantha M.; Weeks, Benjamin S.

doi:10.12659/msm.882608

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…Although used as a broad-spectrum remedy in India for centuries, WS has only recently been under investigation in laboratory settings. WS is categorized as an antiinflammatory, 2,3 antioxidant herbal supplement. 4 These hypothesized healing properties lad to widespread use of WS in Ayurvedic medicine, and it has been studied as a treatment for various health conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Treatment for Anxiety: A Systematic Review of Human Trial Results Reported for the Ayurvedic Herb Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Pratte

Nanavati

Young

et al. 2014

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

102

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Objective: To assess existing reported human trials of Withania somnifera (WS; common name, ashwagandha) for the treatment of anxiety. Design: Systematic review of the literature, with searches conducted in PubMed, SCOPUS, CINAHL, and Google Scholar by a medical librarian. Additionally, the reference lists of studies identified in these databases were searched by a research assistant, and queries were conducted in the AYUSH Research Portal. Search terms included ''ashwagandha,'' ''Withania somnifera,'' and terms related to anxiety and stress. Inclusion criteria were human randomized controlled trials with a treatment arm that included WS as a remedy for anxiety or stress. The study team members applied inclusion criteria while screening the records by abstract review. Intervention: Treatment with any regimen of WS. Outcome measures: Number and results of studies identified in the review. Results: Sixty-two abstracts were screened; five human trials met inclusion criteria. Three studies compared several dosage levels of WS extract with placebos using versions of the Hamilton Anxiety Scale, with two demonstrating significant benefit of WS versus placebo, and the third demonstrating beneficial effects that approached but did not achieve significance ( p = 0.05). A fourth study compared naturopathic care with WS versus psychotherapy by using Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) scores as an outcome; BAI scores decreased by 56.5% in the WS group and decreased 30.5% for psychotherapy ( p < 0.0001). A fifth study measured changes in Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) scores in WS group versus placebo; there was a 44.0% reduction in PSS scores in the WS group and a 5.5% reduction in the placebo group ( p < 0.0001). All studies exhibited unclear or high risk of bias, and heterogenous design and reporting prevented the possibility of meta-analysis. Conclusions: All five studies concluded that WS intervention resulted in greater score improvements (significantly in most cases) than placebo in outcomes on anxiety or stress scales. Current evidence should be received with caution because of an assortment of study methods and cases of potential bias.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Alternative Treatment for Anxiety: A Systematic Review of Human Trial Results Reported for the Ayurvedic Herb Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Pratte

Nanavati

Young

et al. 2014

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

102

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“…The peeled rootstock from kava (Piper methysticum; Piperacea), a South Pacific herbal medicine with traditional cultural use, has potential modern clinical application as an anxiolytic (Sarris et al, 2011a(Sarris et al, , 2011bAlramadhan et al, 2012). A Cochrane review and metaanalysis of six randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using kava mono-preparations (60 mg-280 mg kavalactones) for the treatment of anxiety reported kava significantly reduced anxiety on The Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) compared to placebo (weighted mean difference: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.1, 8.8; p = 0.01) (Pittler and Ernst, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kava for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder RCT: Analysis of Adverse Reactions, Liver Function, Addiction, and Sexual Effects

Sarris

Stough

Teschke

et al. 2013

Phytotherapy Research

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Presently, little is known about a number issues concerning kava (Piper methysticum), including (i) whether kava has any withdrawal or addictive effects; (ii) if genetic polymorphisms of the cytochrome (CYP) P450 2D6 liver enzyme moderates any potential adverse effects; and (iii) if medicinal application of kava has any negative or beneficial effect on sexual function and experience. The study design was a 6-week, double-blind, randomized controlled trial (n = 75) involving chronic administration of kava (one tablet of kava twice per day; 120 mg of kavalactones per day, titrated in non-response to two tablets of kava twice per day; 240 mg of kavalactones) or placebo for participants with generalized anxiety disorder. Results showed no significant differences across groups for liver function tests, nor were there any significant adverse reactions that could be attributed to kava. No differences in withdrawal or addiction were found between groups. Interesting, kava significantly increased female's sexual drive compared to placebo (p = 0.040) on a sub-domain of the Arizona Sexual Experience Scale (ASEX), with no negative effects seen in males. Further, it was found that there was a highly significant correlation between ASEX reduction (improved sexual function and performance) and anxiety reduction in the whole sample.

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“…The low GABA levels are correlated with anxiety. In addition, GABA has hypotensive paper and is naturally available plants, herbs [27] and in some foods such as gabaron tea and fermented foods such as yogurt, milk and cheese, among others [22,28]. GABA has been classified as bioactive compound in food and drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the single supplementation and multiple doses of Passiflora incarnata L. on human anxiety: A Clinical Trial, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized

Silva¹,

Costa²,

Alves³

et al. 2017

int arch med

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Object: This study aimed to investigate the effects of Passiflora incarnata L. on anxiety in humans. Method:The individuals were randomly assigned to one of the following groups: Placebo or experimental, n =30, single dose, as well as Placebo or Experimental, n =15, multiple dose. The experimental human anxiety was induced by simulated public speaking test in the following phases: Basal (B), stressful (A), speech 1 (S1), speech 2 (S2) and Final (F). We evaluated the Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), and Diastolic (DBP), Heart Rate (HR), Electrical Conductance of Skin and extremities temperature (ET) and filled The state-trait anxiety inventory (STAI S e T).Results: During the single dose, the HR was reduced at the end of the speech (86±2.0 to 74±3.0 bpm) the experimental group compared to the placebo group (p<0.05); the STAI-S did not change. In the delineation of multiple doses, SBP was reduced, in mmHg, in the experimental group compared to the placebo group during all phases. Experimental: 106±1.0 (B), 111±1.0 (A), 121±2.0 (S1), 115±3 (S2), 104±2.0 (F) IntroductionAnxiety disorders reach over 25% prevalence, including the fear of public speaking [1]. Anxiety comprises emotional and behavioral factors through fear manifestation, insecurity, apprehensive anticipation, catastrophic thinking, increase in wakefulness or alert period and physiological, as activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, leading neurovegetative symptoms such as insomnia, tachycardia, pallor, increased perspiration, muscle tension, trembling, dizziness, intestinal disorders, among others [2].The impact of anxiety on the individuals's health covers changes in blood pressure, heart rate and an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases such as coronary heart disease (risk tripled) and cerebrovascular [3].Therefore, researchers have invested in as natural forms taken to treat or ameliorate the symptoms of anxiety, such as the use of herbs. Plants that are most studied with anxiolytic potential are Kawa, the St. John's Wort and Passiflora spp. [4][5][6][7]. The Passiflora extract has been used in many researches, presenting in their chemical constitution polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, fiber and other substances, such as passiflorin, one indole alkaloid, being the last one associated with anxiolytic effects [3].The effects of Passiflora incarnata L on anxiety was previously assessed in animals [8,4] and in humans [9-10] with satisfactory results [7]. Epidemiological studies have shown that the fear of public speaking is one of the biggest phobias that affect people, being highly prevalent among students [11].The study proposal was to evaluate symptoms of anxiety of public speaking, under a single dose and multiple doses through the simulated public speaking (SPS) test through the intervention with the encapsulated dry extract of the whole plant Passiflora incarnata L. Materials and MethodsSubjects A study population consisted of university students, adults, healthy, between 24 and 31 years, of both sexes, wer...

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Dietary and botanical anxiolytics

Cited by 18 publications

References 117 publications

An Alternative Treatment for Anxiety: A Systematic Review of Human Trial Results Reported for the Ayurvedic Herb Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

An Alternative Treatment for Anxiety: A Systematic Review of Human Trial Results Reported for the Ayurvedic Herb Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera)

Kava for the Treatment of Generalized Anxiety Disorder RCT: Analysis of Adverse Reactions, Liver Function, Addiction, and Sexual Effects

Effects of the single supplementation and multiple doses of Passiflora incarnata L. on human anxiety: A Clinical Trial, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled, Randomized

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