Dietary and Exercise Interventions for Juvenile Obesity: Long‐Term Effect of Behavioral and Public Health Models

Johnson, William G.; Hinkle, Linda K.; Carr, Rebecca E.; Anderson, Drew A.; Lemmon, Christian R.; Engler, Linda B.; Bergeron, Kimberly C.

doi:10.1002/j.1550-8528.1997.tb00300.x

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Other studies demonstrate no reduction in overweight without intervention. 31 Real prediction will only be possible in a second study investigating the present hypotheses of a predicting factor like previous participation in an exercise group for the obese. In summary the 'Obeldicks' training programme for obese children and their parents led to an SDS-BMI reduction in the majority of the participants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors to success in outpatient training in obese children and adolescents

et al. 2003

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OBJECTIVE:The treatment of obese children and adolescents is not yet satisfactorily effective. It is not clear which participants can profit by a long-time outpatient therapy. DESIGN: Longitudinal, clinical intervention study based on a 1-y outpatient training programme consisting of physical exercise, nutrition course and behaviour therapy for children and their parents. SUBJECTS: A total of 75 obese children (age 7-15 y; standard duration scores of body mass index (SDS-BMI)+1.9-+3.8). MEASUREMENTS:We characterised the participants as to their willingness to change their behaviour (changes in weight status, number of attempts at therapy, participation in exercise groups), somatic characteristics (BMI of children and family members, gender, age), socioeconomic status (level of education of the children and their parents, working mother), exercise and dietary habits, dietary intake as well as the quality of dietary records. These factors were related to the success of the treatment using a multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: A total of 27 (37%) of the children were unsuccessful after treatment. For 48 (63%) of the children, there was a median weight loss of about 0.4 SDS-BMI (range À0.2 to À1.1). The only significant difference (Po0.0001) between these successful children and the unsuccessful ones was that they had taken part in the exercise groups before training began. CONCLUSION: A training for the obese children and their parents enables the majority of the participants to reduce weight. Previous participation in exercise groups can be considered as a predictor to success of the treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors to success in outpatient training in obese children and adolescents

et al. 2003

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“…Dietary and exercise interventions targeted to reduce obesity may have long-term effects on behavioural and public health models 55 . Existing data suggest that discouraging physical inactivity and decreasing the time in sedentary behaviours should be considered as potential strategies in obesity prevention programmes 13,46 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variables independently associated with self-reported obesity in the European Union

Martínéz

Kearney

Kafatos

et al. 1999

Public Health Nutr.

147

103

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Objective: The rapid increase in obesity rates over recent years suggest that cultural and societal influences are affecting the adjustment in the energy balance equation in addition to other physiopathological or genetic determinants. Therefore, a pan-EU study was carried out to explore the influence of sociodemographic factors as well as some attitudes (smoking and exercise) on the prevalence of obesity in the adult population of all 15 member states of the EU. Design: Overall, a sample of 15 239 individuals aged 15 years and upwards in the EU completed the questionnaire. Subject selection was quota-controlled to make the sample nationally representative following a multistage stratified cluster sampling. Self-reported height and weight were used to calculate body mass index (BMI). Results: From the EU average results, it can be seen that only about half of the EU population (48%) is within the normal weight range, while the obesity (BMI у30 kg m −2 ) prevalence was about 10% in the EU and the overweight prevalence was 36.6% and 25.6% among men and women, respectively. UK subjects had the highest prevalence of obesity (12%), while Italians, French and Swedes had the lowest levels of obesity (about 7%). Concerning age and social class interactions, logistic regression analysis showed that high social class and younger individuals in all groups had a lower odds ratio for obesity prevalence. People with a higher level of education are less likely to be obese, while the interaction between educational levels and obesity was different for men and women. A low participation in various leisure-time physical activities, the lack of interest (precontemplation) in being involved in exercise/physical activity and the increasing number of hours sitting down at work appear to be predictors of obesity. Single individuals were less prone to become obese than couples or widowed/divorced people. Finally, smoking status was statistically linked to the prevalence of obesity, since non-smokers or ex-smokers for more than 1 year presented a higher tendency for a BMI Ͼ30. Conclusions: This survey confirms that a priority area for health intervention aimed at preventing the development of obesity should be to increase levels of physical activity, although the approach will depend on the population, especially with respect to educational and socioeconomic aspects.

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“…While dietary approaches to weight loss for adolescents can be used successfully, there is evidence that dietary interventions are more effective in achieving weight loss when combined with other strategies, such as increasing physical activity levels and/or psychological interventions to promote behaviour change [1,46,47,52,60,66].…”

Section: Increasing Physical Activity and Reducing Sedentary Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity

et al. 2007

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Adolescence is a vulnerable period for the development of obesity, and adolescent weight tracks strongly into adulthood. Previous reviews of treatment strategies have failed to discriminate between adolescents and children, thereby, disregarding the uniqueness of this population. Hence, this review aims to summarise the evidence for treatment approaches for adolescent obesity. Pubmed, OVID, EBSCOhost and Google Scholar were searched for randomised controlled trials, meta-analyses and systematic reviews testing treatments for overweight/obese adolescents (aged 12-19 years), published from 1982-2006 in English. Eligible studies had to assess either weight, percentage overweight, body mass index (BMI) or body fat. Thirty-four randomised controlled trials were eligible. The results of this review indicate that the safety and efficacy of surgical and pharmacotherapy treatments for adolescent obesity is uncertain. Diet and physical activity approaches may improve obese status in the short term. However, obesity interventions appear more effective when strategies are combined, rather than when used in isolation. Psychological interventions, such as behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapy, show promise in achieving the necessary lifestyle changes for obesity reduction; however, long-term follow-up studies are needed. There were multiple limitations in appraising the literature. Inconsistent definitions of overweight/obesity make comparisons between studies difficult. Many studies have not used direct adiposity measures, have failed to assess pubertal status or have not used an exclusive adolescent sample. We conclude that, despite these limitations, current evidence indicates that behavioural and cognitive behavioural strategies combined with diet and physical activity approaches may assist in reducing adolescent obesity,although long-term follow-up studies are needed.

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Dietary and Exercise Interventions for Juvenile Obesity: Long‐Term Effect of Behavioral and Public Health Models

Cited by 65 publications

References 18 publications

Predictors to success in outpatient training in obese children and adolescents

Predictors to success in outpatient training in obese children and adolescents

Variables independently associated with self-reported obesity in the European Union

Treatment of adolescent overweight and obesity

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