Dietary arginine: metabolic, environmental, immunological and physiological interrelationships

Khajali, Fariborz; Wideman, Robert F.

doi:10.1017/s0043933910000711

Cited by 128 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 94 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

122

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Some evidence also indicates that Arg regulates the partitioning of dietary energy in favor of muscle protein accretion and fat reduction in animals (Ma et al, 2010). Furthermore, polyamines and creatine are synthesized biologically via different pathways, starting from Arg (Khajali and Wideman, 2010). Apart from these roles, approximately 7% of the dietary Arg were converted to proline, which are needed for the synthesis of connective tissue (Khajali and Wideman, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lys is one the key amino acid for protein synthesis, muscle deposition and represents approximately 7% of the protein in breast meat (Mahdavi et al, 2012). Arg has also been documented to be a precursor of nitric oxide (NO), a potent vasodilator (Khajali and Wideman, 2010). As the chickens are unable to synthesize Arg, feeding high levels of CM to broilers instead of SBM might not probably provide sufficient Arg to fully support the production of NO by the pulmonary vascular endothelium (Izadinia et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of Different Levels of Canola Meal on Performance, Organ Weights, Hepatic Deiodinase Gene Expression and Thyroid Morphology in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study was carried out to determine the effects of dietary inclusion level of canola meal (CM) on performance, organ weights and hepatic type I deiodinase gene expression in broilers. A completely randomized design with 4 levels of CM (0, 10, 20 and 30%) as a substitute for soybean meal (SBM) was utilized with 5 replicates of 9 birds each. The results showed that body weight gain (1 to 42 d) decreased linearly (P＜0.01) as the inclusion of CM increased. An increase in dietary level of CM also resulted in a linear (P＜0.05) increase in feed conversion ratio (1 to 42 d). Proportion of thyroids (P＜0.05) and liver (P＜0.01) increased linearly with increased levels of CM. A significant linear increase in right ventricular weight: total ventricular weight ratio (P＜0.01) and heart weight (P＜ 0.05) were observed by substituting CM for SBM. The concentration of plasma triiodothyronine and triiodothyronine: tetraiodothyronine ratio decreased linearly (P＜0.01) with increasing level of CM. Expression of hepatic type I deiodinase gene (D1) decreased linearly (P＜0.01) as inclusion level of CM in diets increased. Moreover, increasing linear (P＜0.01) and quadratic responses (P＜0.05) were observed in follicles number and epithelial thickness in broilers thyroids followed by increased levels of CM. In addition, increases in dietary CM inclusion led to a linear (P ＜0.01) increase in thyroid follicles diameters. In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that feeding increasing CM inclusions from 0 to 30% negatively affect growth performance of broiler chickens. From this study, it can also be concluded that substitution of CM for SBM adversely interferes with thyroid and liver functions and decrease D1 gene expression, likely because of higher dietary concentration of glucosinolates.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Different Levels of Canola Meal on Performance, Organ Weights, Hepatic Deiodinase Gene Expression and Thyroid Morphology in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has also been shown that chickens have the highest Arg requirement of all animals studied (Ball et al, 2007). L-Arg is a precursor required for the biosynthesis of many molecules, including proteins, nitric oxide, creatine, ornithine, glutamate, polyamines, proline, glutamine, agmatine and dimethylarginine, hence it has multiple physiological functions in poultry (Khajali and Wideman, 2010). Experimental studies have shown that L-Arg supplementation alleviated oxidative stress and improved the antioxidant capacity (Atakisi et al, 2009), attenuated pulmonary hypertension syndrome, reduced ascites mortality (Tan et al, 2006), and enhanced innate, cellular and humoral immune responses in broiler chickens (Tayade et al, 2006;Munir et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces abdominal fat content by modulating lipid metabolism in broiler chickens

Fouad

El-Senousey

Yang

et al. 2013

Animal

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study investigated the effects of different levels of dietary L-arginine (L-Arg) supplementation on the abdominal fat pad, circulating lipids, hepatic fatty acid synthase (FAS) gene expression, gene expression related to fatty acid b-oxidation, and the performance of broiler chickens. We tested whether the dietary L-Arg levels affected the expression of genes related to lipid metabolism in order to reduce body fat deposition. A total of 192 broiler chickens (Cobb 500) aged 21 days with an average BW of 920 6 15 g were randomly assigned to four groups (six broilers per replicate and eight replicates per treatment). The control group was fed a basal diet, whereas the treatment groups were fed basal diets supplemented with 0.25%, 0.50%, or 1.00% L-Arg for 3 weeks. The average daily feed intake, average daily gain and feed : gain ratio were not affected by the dietary L-Arg levels. However, chickens supplemented with L-Arg had lower abdominal fat content, plasma triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC) concentrations, hepatic FAS mRNA expression and increased heart carnitine palmitoyl transferase1 (CPT1) and 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase (3HADH) mRNA expression. These findings suggest that the addition of 0.25% L-Arg may reduce the plasma TC concentration by decreasing hepatic 3-hydroxyl-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase mRNA expression. This may lower the plasma TG and abdominal fat content by suppressing hepatic FAS mRNA expression and enhancing CPT1 and 3HADH (genes related to fatty acid b-oxidation) mRNA expression in the hearts of broiler chickens.

show abstract

“…Therefore, chickens have an absolute need for Arg and are highly dependent on dietary sources for this amino acid. Hence, sufficient Arg must be available in the feed to support protein accretion and maintain the physiological and immunological functions (Khajali and Wideman, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Re-evaluation of Arginine Requirements for Broilers Exposed to Hypobaric Condition during the 3-to 6-week Period

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In order to estimate arginine (Arg) requirements of male broilers (Ross 308) during the 21-to 42-day period and exposed to hypobaric condition, six diets (200 g/kg CP and 13.4 MJ ME/kg) with graded levels of Arg (8.8 to 14.3 g/kg) were allocated to four pens of twelve birds each. Body weight gain, feed:gain, breast meat yield, plasma nitric oxide (NO) concentration, and right to total ventricular weight ratio (RV/TV) were determined as response criteria. Responses to Arg supply were nonlinear and attained plateau values (y max ) within the studied range of Arg supply. The estimated Arg requirements for maximal body weight gain and optimal feed:gain during the 21 days under study were 12.4, and 12.2 g/kg of diet, respectively. The estimated Arg requirement for maximizing breast meat yield was 12.6 g/kg of diet. Based on the response in plasma NO and RV/TV, the estimated requirements were 13.0, and 13.2 g/kg of diet, respectively. Data obtained for the individual factors clearly indicate that the NRC recommendations for Arg are not sufficient for maximizing body weight gain, optimizing feed:gain and preventing the onset of pulmonary hypertension in broiler chickens exposed to hypobaric condition. Data may be used for future modeling of broilers' Arg requirements.

show abstract

Dietary arginine: metabolic, environmental, immunological and physiological interrelationships

Cited by 128 publications

References 94 publications

Evaluation of Different Levels of Canola Meal on Performance, Organ Weights, Hepatic Deiodinase Gene Expression and Thyroid Morphology in Broiler Chickens

Evaluation of Different Levels of Canola Meal on Performance, Organ Weights, Hepatic Deiodinase Gene Expression and Thyroid Morphology in Broiler Chickens

Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces abdominal fat content by modulating lipid metabolism in broiler chickens

Re-evaluation of Arginine Requirements for Broilers Exposed to Hypobaric Condition during the 3-to 6-week Period

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About