Dietary Aspects to Incorporate in the Creation of a Mobile Image-Based Dietary Assessment Tool to Manage and Improve Diabetes

Abstract

Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in United States. Dietary intake and behaviors are essential components of diabetes management. Growing evidence suggests dietary components beyond carbohydrates may critically impact glycemic control. Assessment tools on mobile platforms have the ability to capture multiple aspects of dietary behavior in real-time throughout the day to inform and improve diabetes management and insulin dosing. The objective of this narrative review was to summarize evidence related to dietary behaviors and composition to inform a mobile image-based dietary assessment tool for managing glycemic control of both diabetes types (type 1 and type 2 diabetes). This review investigated the following topics amongst those with diabetes: (1) the role of time of eating occasion on indicators of glycemic control; and (2) the role of macronutrient composition of meals on indicators of glycemic control. A search for articles published after 2000 was completed in PubMed with the following sets of keywords “diabetes/diabetes management/diabetes prevention/diabetes risk”, “dietary behavior/eating patterns/temporal/meal timing/meal frequency”, and “macronutrient composition/glycemic index”. Results showed eating behaviors and meal macronutrient composition may affect glycemic control. Specifically, breakfast skipping, late eating and frequent meal consumption might be associated with poor glycemic control while macronutrient composition and order of the meal could also affect glycemic control. These factors should be considered in designing a dietary assessment tool, which may optimize diabetes management to reduce the burden of this disease.

Tip 2 Diyabetli Bireylerde Diyet Kalitesi ve Beslenme Durumları Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

“…Kohort çalışmalarının, meta analizlerin ve sistematik incelemelerinin çoğu, günde 3 porsiyon süt tüketimi ile T2DM riskinin azaldığına işaret etmektedir. Bu etki esas olarak az yağlı leyebilmektedir (21). Yapılmış olan bir çalışmada, 3 öğün yerine 6 öğün ile beslenmenin glisemik kontrolü önemli ölçüde iyileştirdiği ve T2DM olan obez hastalarda açlığı ve yemek yeme isteğini azalttığı bulunmuştur (22).…”

Dietary Self-Management Using Mobile Health Technology for Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A Scoping Review

“…Previous studies also reviewed automatic dietary monitoring methods (eg, using computer vision or wearable sensor). 6,13 However, such reviews only focused on general-purpose diet monitoring or dietary management tool development, not specifically on implementing such tools for dietary self-management or intervention for type 2 diabetes.…”