Dietary association of iron deficiency anemia and related pregnancy outcomes

Zulfiqar, Hina; Shah, Imran Ullah; Sheas, Muhammad Naveed; Ahmed, Zahoor; Ejaz, Umaira; Ullah, Irfan; Saleem, Saad; Imran, Muhammad; Hameed, Muhammad Basharat; Akbar, Banaras

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2373

Cited by 18 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is commonly known that anemia in pregnancy increases the risk of pre-term birth and low birth weight [ 15 , 17 , 68 , 94 , 95 ]. It is estimated that, if anemia develops in women with a twin pregnancy at 12 weeks, the risk of pre-term birth increases to 29–68%, while if it happens at 16–18 weeks, the risk is three- to four-fold [ 96 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Dietary Recommendations for Twin Pregnancy: Does Nutrition Science Keep Up with the Growing Incidence of Multiple Gestations?

Wierzejska

2022

Nutrients

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Recommendations for nutrition and the use of dietary supplements for pregnant women are updated on regular basis but it remains to be seen to what extent they may be applicable in twin pregnancies. The aim of this narrative review is to present the current state of knowledge about the energy and nutrient demand in twin pregnancy. There is general consensus in literature that the energy demand is higher than in a singleton pregnancy, but there is a lack of position statements from scientific societies on specific energy intake that is required. In turn, recommended maternal weight gain, which favors the normal weight of the neonate, has been determined. There is even a larger knowledge gap when it comes to vitamins and minerals, the body stores of which are theoretically used up faster. The greatest number of studies so far focused on vitamin D, and most of them concluded that its concentration in maternal blood is lower in twin as compared to singleton pregnancy. Few randomized studies focus on iron supplementation and there are no other studies that would assess dietary interventions. In light of a growing incidence of multiple pregnancies, more studies are necessary to establish the nutritional demands of the mother and the course of action for adequate supplementation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Dietary Recommendations for Twin Pregnancy: Does Nutrition Science Keep Up with the Growing Incidence of Multiple Gestations?

Wierzejska

2022

Nutrients

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“…In Africa, a large percentage of pregnant mothers remain malnourished, and maternal nutrition and infant health are closely correlated. Maternal anemia and low birth weight remain major public health problems in developing countries (Zulfiqar et al, 2021). This study aimed to examine a pooled estimate of the association between dietary diversity during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and low birth weight in Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maternal anemia and low birth weight remain major public health problems in developing countries (Zulfiqar et al, 2021). This study aimed to examine a pooled estimate of the association between dietary diversity during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and low birth weight in Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal anemia and low birth weight in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Seid

Fufa

Weldeyohannes

et al. 2023

Food Science & Nutrition

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Inadequately diversified food consumption during pregnancy can lead to micronutrient deficiencies, which can affect maternal and newborn health outcomes. Previous studies on maternal dietary diversity have either been limited to a specific geographical region or consist entirely of systematic reviews, without meta‐analyses. Thus, this study aimed to determine the pooled estimate of the association between inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy, maternal anemia, and low birth weight in Africa. A systematic review of observational studies published between January 2000 and April 2022 was undertaken using the Google Scholar, PubMed, and CINAHL databases. The PRISMA checklist was followed to present the results. Microsoft Excel was used to abstract the data. STATA version 17 was used to analyze the data, and a random‐effects meta‐analysis model was applied to compute the pooled estimates. The study was registered in PROSPERO with protocol number CRD42022320873. A total of 22 publications with 9,696 participants were included in the final meta‐analysis. The pooled adjusted odds ratio (AOR) for inadequate dietary diversity and maternal anemia was 2.15 (95% CI, 1.66–2.65), while that for low birth weight was 2.04 (95% CI, 1.46–2.63). The highest pooled estimate of maternal anemia was reported in Cameroon (AOR = 9.8, 95% CI: 1.68–17.92), followed by Ethiopia (AOR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.95–3.25). Similarly, the pooled estimates of low birth weight were highest in Cameroon (AOR = 3.04, 95% CI: 1.19–4.88) and Ethiopia (AOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.29–2.39). In Africa, pregnant mothers with inadequate dietary diversity are two times more likely to develop anemia and low birth weight. Social protection policies that prioritize pregnant women, maternal nutrition promotion in the community, and dietary counseling during antenatal care visits, using national food‐based dietary guidelines, should be strengthened.

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“…Further, a few studies have found that inadequate iron intake is associated with insufficient red blood cells and leads to iron deficiency anemia [ 27 ]. About 25% of all maternal deaths globally are associated with severe anemia iron deficiency and a significant risk for maternal bleeding, premature birth, and having a baby with low birth weight [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectiveness of a Web-Based Application for a Balanced Diet and Healthy Weight Among Indonesian Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

Koeryaman¹,

Pallikadavath²,

Ryder³

et al. 2023

JMIR Form Res

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Background Pregnant women have self-declared that they have difficulties in estimating nutrient intakes. The Nutrition Information System for Indonesian Pregnant Women (SISFORNUTRIMIL) application was created as a dietary assessment and calorie-counting tool to guide pregnant women to eat the right portion sizes for each meal. Objective The study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the SISFORNUTRIMIL application in helping users achieve a balanced diet and healthy maternal weight gain in comparison to nonusers in Indonesia. Methods First-pregnancy women in the second trimester aged 19-30 years (N=112) participated in the randomized controlled trial. Recruited women who were eligible and consented to participate in the study were allocated into the intervention group, or application user (n=56), and the control group, or application nonuser (n=56). The intervention recommended that pregnant women consume at least 5 food groups and calculate a recommended average portion size for 12 weeks. Both groups were self-monitored and recorded their intake in food records for 3 days every week. The dietary diversity consumed, macro- and micronutrient intake, and maternal weight gain were assessed pre- and postintervention. Data were collected three times during the intervention. Diversity food consumption was measured by the Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of reproductive age. Furthermore, the Indonesian recommended dietary allowances were used to refer to and validate appropriate energy and nutrient amounts. Independent sample t test was used to compare differences between the intervention and control groups. Results The mean dietary diversity score for the application user group (7.79, SD 1.20) was significantly greater than for the application nonuser group (7.02, SD 1.39; adjusted mean difference 0.77, 95% CI 0.28-1.25; d=0.28; P=.005). Macro- and micronutrient intake was significantly more in accordance with the dietary recommendations for the user group compared to the control group, including an energy daily intake of 156.88 kcal (95% CI 114.52-199.23; d=–1.39; P=.002), 102.43 g of carbohydrates (95% CI –125.2 to –79.60; d=–1.68; P=.02), 14.33 g of protein (95% CI 11.40-17.25; d=1.86; P<.001), and 10.96 g of fat (95% CI –13.71 to –8.20; d=–1.49; P<.001). Furthermore, there was a significantly higher intake of daily vitamins and minerals in the intervention group than in the control group. Other results showed that maternal weight gain in the intervention group was in accordance with the parameters of healthy weight gain. Conclusions Recording food intake using the application was significantly effective in improving the dietary diversity consumed, improving adequate energy and nutrient intake, and producing healthy maternal weight during pregnancy. Trial Registration ISRCTN Registry ISRCTN42690828; https://www.isrctn.com/ISRCTN42690828

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Dietary association of iron deficiency anemia and related pregnancy outcomes

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 18 publications

References 11 publications

Review of Dietary Recommendations for Twin Pregnancy: Does Nutrition Science Keep Up with the Growing Incidence of Multiple Gestations?

Review of Dietary Recommendations for Twin Pregnancy: Does Nutrition Science Keep Up with the Growing Incidence of Multiple Gestations?

Inadequate dietary diversity during pregnancy increases the risk of maternal anemia and low birth weight in Africa: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

The Effectiveness of a Web-Based Application for a Balanced Diet and Healthy Weight Among Indonesian Pregnant Women: Randomized Controlled Trial

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